ABSTRACT:In order to comprehensively grasp the effect of lithium slag on the properties of concrete and promote the application of lithium slag in concrete, the effect of lithium slag on drying shrinkage of concrete with manufactured-sand was studied by testing drying shrinkage of concrete with manufactured-sand at different ages. The corresponding effect mechanism was also analyzed by water retention of the corresponding mortar and the pore structure of concrete which was obtained by evaporable water test. The results indicate that 15% and 30% lithium slag decrease effectively the drying shrinkage of concrete with manufactured-sand, and with the increase of the content of lithium slag, the decrease effect is better. When the content of lithium slag is increased to be 45%, the drying shrinkage of the concrete is increased. The smaller pores correspond to the higher water retention to decrease the drying shrinkage of manufactured-sand concrete with the appropriate content of lithium slag.
Objectives
Determine the extent to which diets with higher fiber intakes (g) at baseline are independently associated with cancer development by final study visit in a cohort of rural post-menopausal women.
Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of participants in a four-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation (2000 IU/d vitamin D3 and 1500 mg/d calcium) on cancer development in rural post-menopausal women in Nebraska (June 2009-August 2015). Diets, including fiber intake (total, soluble, fruit-vegetable, grain and bean fiber), were evaluated via a 2005 Block Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline. T-tests were used to evaluate the difference in dietary fiber intakes between all-type cancer and non-cancer groups. Logistic regression models, controlling for pertinent covariates, were used to determine if dietary fiber intake at baseline is associated with the cancer development. Dietary fiber variables were log-transformed and stratified by treatment group.
Results
There were 1977 participants available for analysis. Median total fiber intake was 14.35 g or 65% of the Dietary Reference Intake. There was no significant difference between dietary fiber intakes at baseline between the cancer group and non-cancer group. For people on vitamin D and calcium supplementation, higher dietary soluble fiber and fruit-vegetable fiber intakes at baseline were protective against cancer development [Soluble OR: 0.50; 95% CI (0.26, 0.96); Fruit-vegetable OR: 0.56; 95% CI (0.33, 0.94)]. In participants without vitamin D and calcium supplementation, the odds of having higher bean fiber intake was 1.62 times higher in those with cancer [OR: 1.62 (95% CI (1.07, 2.47)]. Total fiber and grain fiber intakes were not significantly associated with cancer development.
Conclusions
While low fiber intake is prevalent among rural post-menopausal women, those with higher intakes of soluble and fruit-vegetable fiber may be more protected against development of all-type cancer when supplemented with calcium and vitamin D. Further analysis should examine the relationship between supplementation and bean fiber intake on the development of cancer.
Funding Sources
The original study was funded by the National Cancer Institute and Creighton University internal funding. No additional funding was used for the secondary analysis.
It is extremely essential to establish financial early-warning system for listed companies in
Chinese shipbuilding industry. Taking “Jiangnan Shipyard (Group) Co., Ltd” of shipbuilding
industry as an example, this paper testifies the validity of index measurement model of financial
early-warning, monitors its recent financial condition based on individual index and composite
index, and then analyzes the financial alarm degree.
Goal
Use driver behavior profiles to screen and index early warnings of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Hypothesis: Real-world driver speed behavior profiles discriminate mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Methods
Sensors were installed in personal vehicles of 74 legally-licensed, active drivers (age: 65-90 years, μ = 75.85) who completed 2, 3-month real-world driving assessments, including demographic and cognitive assessments, 1 year apart (244,564 miles driven). MCI status was indexed using 8 neuropsychological tests (spanning executive function, visuospatial skills, processing speed, and memory), relevant to MCI and driving. Driving environment was indexed from state speed limit (SL; roadway type: residential, commercial, interstate) and sunrise-sunset databases (time of day: day vs. night). Models: Data were randomly split into training (66%) and validation (33%) sets. An optimal mixed effects logistic regression model was determined from validation data AUC values.
Results
MCI drivers drove slower with optimal discrimination (estimated for every 5 mph decrease in speeding) in 1) residential roads (SL 25-35 mph; MCI odds increased by 6% [95% CI: 2-11%]), 2) interstate roads (SL >55 mph; MCI odds increased by 14% [95% CI: 8-20%]), and 3) night environments (MCI odds increased by 7% [95% CI: 2-12%]).
Conclusion
Quantitative indices of real-world driver data provide “ground truth” for screening and indexing phenotypes of cognitive decline, in line with ongoing efforts to link driver behavior with age-related cognitive decline and AD biomarkers. Behavioral biomarkers for diagnosing early warnings of dementia could ultimately bolster our ability to detect and intervene in early AD.
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