Magnetization hysteresis loops, dc and ac magnetic susceptibilities, and Raman vibrations have been characterized in (Bi 1-x Ba x )FeO 3-d ceramics for x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 as functions of temperature. Ferromagnetic hysteresis loops were observed in Ba-doped compounds with increasing magnetization as Ba substitution increases. High-resolution synchrotron Fe K-and L 2,3 -edge X-ray absorptions reveal an Fe 3? valence and a modification of the Fe-O-Fe bond structure by the A-site Ba substitution. The oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption suggests that the hybridization of the O 2p and Fe 3d orbitals was reduced by the Ba 2? substitution. Field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetic susceptibilities reveal a spin-glass behavior, which was enhanced with increasing Ba substitution. Raman vibrations of the Bi-and Fe-sensitive E(2) and A 1 (1) modes reveal frequency softening and step-like anomalies in full-width-at-half-maximum in the vicinity of *150-250 K, which were attributed to spin-phonon interaction while magnetic ordering transitions take place.
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