is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. a b s t r a c tA new approach to the merging of Finite Element (FE) triangle meshes is proposed. Not only it takes into account the geometric aspects, but it also considers the way the semantic information possibly associated to the groups of entities (nodes, faces) can be maintained. Such high level modification capabilities are of major importance in all the engineering activities requiring fast modifications of meshes without going back to the CAD model. This is especially true in the context of industrial maintenance where the engineers often have to solve critical problems in very short time. Indeed, in this case, the product is already designed, the CAD models are not necessarily available and the FE models might be tuned. Thus, the product behaviour has to be studied and improved during its exploitation while prototyping directly several alternate solutions. Such a framework also finds interest in the preliminary design phases where alternative solutions have to be simulated. The algorithm first removes the intersecting faces in an n-ring neighbourhood so that the filling of the created holes produces triangles whose sizes smoothly evolve according to the possibly heterogeneous sizes of the surrounding triangles. The holefilling algorithm is driven by an aspect ratio factor which ensures that the produced triangulation fits well the FE requirements. It is also constrained by the boundaries of the groups of entities gathering together the simulation semantic. The filled areas are then deformed to blend smoothly with the surroundings meshes.
Public Participation encounters great challenges in the domain of urban design concerning decision making and citizens' appropriation of a future place. Many tools and methods have been proposed to ease the participation process. In this paper we are targeting artefacts used in face-to-face workshops, in which citizens are asked to make design proposals for a public space. We claim that current state of the art can be improved (i) by better articulating digital artefacts with participatory processes and (ii) by providing interfaces that enhance citizen's spatial awareness and comprehension as well as collective creativity in urban design projects. We present the design and prototyping of an interactive virtual environment that follow the design-science research guidelines.
Nowadays, most of the numerical simulations are carried out by successively performing the following steps: CAD model definition or modification, conversion to a mesh model and enrichment with semantic data relative to the simulation (e.g. material behaviour laws, boundary conditions), Finite Element simulation and analysis of the results. Classically, the semantic data are attached to the mesh through the use of groups of geometric entities sharing the same characteristics. Thus, any modification of the CAD model always implies an update of the mesh as well as an update of the attached semantic data. This is time-consuming and not adapted to the context of industrial maintenance. Moreover, the CAD models do not always exist and should therefore be reconstructed starting from scratch or from the physical object. In this paper, we set up a framework towards the definition of CAD-less Finite Element analyses wherein enriched meshes are manipulated directly. The geometric manipulations are constrained with information extracted from the group definition. Actually, the boundaries of those groups are exploited to constrain the modifications. The concept of Virtual Group Boundaries is introduced to focus on the extension of the attached semantic information instead of the actual tessellation while generalising the approach to groups of any dimension going from 0D (vertex) to 3D (e.g. tetrahedron). The notion of Elementary Group is also introduced as a mean to ease the forthcoming transfer of the semantics from the initial to the modified models. Such a framework also finds interest in the preliminary design phases where alternative solutions have to be evaluated.
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