Purpose This study aims to acknowledge that most Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience slow growth. It highlighted that this sluggishness is because of some falsification of Indonesia’s ecological psychology. It focuses on investigating the situated cognition that probably supports this falsification, such as affordance, a community of practice, embodiment and the legitimacy of peripheral participation situated cognition and social intelligence theories. Design/methodology/approach This study obtained data from published newspapers between October 2016 and February 2019. The authors used the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis and the J48 C.45 algorithm. The authors analyzed the data using the emergence of news probability for both the Government of Indonesia (GoI) and Indonesian society and the situated cognition concerning the improvement of the SMEs. The authors inferred ecological psychology from these published newspapers in Indonesia that the engaged actions were still suppressed, in comparison with being and doing. Findings This study contributes to the innovation and leadership policies of the SMEs’ managerial systems and the GoI. After this study identified the backward-looking practices, which the GoI and the people of Indonesia held, this study recommended some policies to help create a forward-looking orientation. The second one is also a policy for the GoI, which needs to reduce the discrepancy between the signified and the signifier, as recommended by the structuralist theory. The last one is suggested by the social learning theory; policies are needed that relate to developing the SMEs’ beliefs, attitudes and behavior. It means that the GoI should prepare the required social contexts, which are in motoric production and reinforcement. Explicitly, the authors argue that the GoI facilitates SMEs by emphasizing the internal learning process. Research limitations/implications The authors present some possibilities for the limitations of this research. The authors took into account that this study assumes the SMEs are all the same, without industrial clustering. It considers that the need for social learning and social cognition by the unclustered industries is equal. Second, the authors acknowledge that Indonesia is an emerging country, and its economic structure has three levels of contributors; the companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, then the SMEs and the lowest level is the underground economy. Third, the authors did not distinguish the levels of success for the empowerment programs that are conducted by either the GoI or the local governments. This study recognizes that the authors did not measure success levels. It means that the authors only focused on the knowledge content. Practical implications From these pieces of evidence, this study constructed its strategies. The authors offer three kinds of policies. The first is the submission of special allocation funds from which the GoI and local governments develop their budgets for the SMEs’ social learning and social cognition. The second is the development of social learning and social cognition’s curricula for both the SMEs’ owners and executive officers. The third is the need for a national knowledge repository for all the Indonesian SMEs. This repository is used for the dissemination of knowledge. Originality/value This study raises argumental novelties with some of the critical reasoning. First, the authors argue that the sluggishness of the Indonesian SMEs is because of some fallacies in their social cognition. This social cognition is derived from the cultural knowledge that the GoI and people of Indonesia disclosed in the newspapers. This study shows the falsifications from the three main perspectives of the structuration, structuralist and social learning theories. Second, this study can elaborate on the causal factor for the sluggishness of Indonesia’s SMEs, which can be explained by philosophical science, especially its fallacies (Hundleby, 2010; Magnus and Callender, 2004). The authors expand the causal factors for each gap in every theory, which determined the SMEs’ sluggishness through the identification of inconsistencies in each dimension of their structuration, structuralism and social learning. This study focused on the fallacy of philosophical science that explains the misconceptions about the SMEs’ improvement because of faulty reasoning, which causes the wrong moves to be made in the future (Dorr, 2017; Pielke, 1999).

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Kajian Tracer Study ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif evaluatif yang berusaha mendeskripsikan kebutuhan soft skill alumni yang mendukung karier di dunia usaha. Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisis berdasarkan jenis pekerjaan alumni dan posisi alumni serta soft skill yang dimiliki oleh alumniPenelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 6 bulan, mulai April-Agustus 2016. Adapun tempaat penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Variabel penelitian ini adalah Analisis Kebutuhan Soft Skill Dalam Mendukung Karier Alumni Akuntansi yaitu suatu penyelidikan untuk mengetahui peta soft skill yang dimiliki dan kebutuhan soft skill apasaja yang mendukung karier alumni Akuntansi sebenarnya. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa alumni Prodi Akuntansi. Adapun sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2004-2014 (lulusan Prodi Akuntansi untuk 10 angkatan, termasuk kelas PKS) yang lulus antara 2009-2016. Data untuk penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik kuesioner (angket) yang didistribusikan kepada populasi penelitian. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan indikator soft skill yang dikembangkan dari Hairi et al (2011) dengan modifikasi skala likert 1-5 menjadi skala 1-7.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Alumni prodi akuntansi telah memiliki kelima skills (Communication Skill, Critical Thinking Skill, Team Work Skill, Program and Project Management Skill dan Decision-Making and Problem Solving Skill). Semua soft skill tersebut sangat penting dalam menunjang karier sehingga harus dimasukan dalam proses pembelajaran dan didukung melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler (kegiatan kemahasiswaan). Oleh karena soft skills adalah keterampilan yang bersifat non teknis, invisible, dan unimmediate, maka Softskills tidak dapat diajarkan, tetapi dapat ditularkan dan  dipraktikkan berulang-ulang dengan didampingi oleh mentor.Kata kunci: Communication Skill, Critical Thinking Skill, Team Work Skill, Program and Project Management Skill dan Decision-Making and Problem Solving Skil

Tantangan profesi auditor internal di Indonesia adalah bagaimana memberikan nilai tambah bagi organisasi terutama dalam memastikan terselenggaranya good governance dan manajemen risiko organisasi. Terbatasnya penelitian di bidang audit internal pada pemerintah daerah di Indonesia menjadi urgensi utama dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh kerjasama antara internal dan eksternal auditor; dukungan manajemen; efektivitas pengendalian internal; dan pengalaman auditor terhadap efektivitas audit internal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner. 58 responden penelitian merupakan auditor dan staf keuangan yang bekerja di Inspektorat dan Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BKAD) di Kabupaten X. Metode analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa dukungan manajemen dan pengalaman auditor berpengaruh terhadap efektivitas auditor internal. Sedangkan, kerjasama antara auditor internal dan eksternal auditor dan efektivitas pengendalian internal tidak berpengaruh terhadap efektivitas auditor internal.

ABSTRAKDisintegrasi sistem informasi yang dialami PT XYZ menyebabkan proses penyusunan laporan keuangan konsolidasi cukup memakan waktu. Dampaknya, ketepatan waktu informasi yang dihasilkan PT XYZ menjadi berkurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengembangan sistem informasi akuntansi (general ledger system) dan menilai kesesuaian output sistem tersebut atas informasi laporan keuangan konsolidasi PT XYZ.Desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dipilih untuk melakukan penelitian. Metode pengembangan sistem Nunamaker, Chen, dan Purdin (1991) diadopsi pada penelitian ini melalui lima tahapannya. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi digunakan pada penelitian ini. Pengkodean digunakan untuk reduksi data hasil umpan balik pengguna sistem di lingkungan PT XYZ.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi yang dikembangkan memiliki kesesuaian informasi terhadap laporan keuangan konsolidasi PT XYZ. Enam kriteria informasi berguna mampu dipenuhi oleh sistem informasi yang dikembangkan. Enam kriteria tersebut adalah ketepatan waktu, relevansi, reliabilitas, ketersediaan, dapat dipahami, dan dapat diverifikasi.