Resumo -A conscientização para o consumo de alimentos com boa qualidade nutricional faz parte da vida moderna. Entre esses alimentos estão às hortaliças que são fontes de fibras, vitaminas e sais minerais, especialmente as alfaces que absorvem micronutrientes presentes na solução do solo. Metais tóxicos na solução do solo podem ser absorvidos por hortaliças. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram monitorar o desenvolvimento de plantas de alface crespa cultivar Vera e avaliar a absorção de ferro e do metal tóxico chumbo por raízes e folhas. Foi construído um canteiro de 12m 2 de área com 3 divisões para o plantio de 30 mudas de alface. Os metais foram quantificados por espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama. As médias das concentrações de ferro nas folhas e raízes foram 59,2 e 70,0 mg kg -1 , respectivamente, enquanto as concentrações de chumbo corresponderam a 0,76 mg kg -1 nas folhas e 0,9 mg kg -1 nas raízes. As concentrações de ferro estavam de acordo com os valores recomendados para todas as amostras e as de chumbo, acima do instituído pela RDC nº 42, 29 de Agosto de 2013. As plantas de maior altura foram as que receberam a solução de nitrato de chumbo, evidenciando a sinergia entre os metais. O método apresentou boa linearidade (R > 0,99), cujos limites de detecção para ferro e chumbo foram 0,091 e 0,0403 mg kg -1 e desvio padrão relativo (n = 10) iguais a 4 e 6%, respectivamente. A hortaliça foi considerada imprópria para o consumo humano por ter absorvido chumbo em quantidades acima dos valores instituídos pela legislação.Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar; Metais tóxicos; Micronutriente. Evaluation of the development of crisp lettuce cultivar Vera: absorption of iron and leadAbstract -The awareness of the consumption of foods with good nutritional quality is part of modern life. Among these foods are the vegetables that are sources of fiber, vitamins and minerals, especially the lettuces that absorb micronutrients present in the soil solution. The aim of this work was managing the development of crisp lettuce plants cultivar Vera and to evaluated the absorption of iron and toxic metal lead by roots and leaves. Has been built 12m² seedbed area with 3 partitions for the 30 lettuce seedlings planting. The metals were quantified by atomic absorbing spectrometry with flames. The average of iron concentration at roots and leaves was 59.2 and 70.0 mg kg -¹, respectively, while the lead concentration was corresponded to 0.76 mg Kg -¹ at leaves and 0.92 mg kg -¹ at roots. Iron concentrations were considered according to the recommended values for all samples and the lead concentrations were over of what was instituted by the August 29th, 2013 n°42 RDC (Executive Board's Resolution). The plants of higher height were those that received the solution of lead nitrate, evidencing the synergy effect between the metals. The method showed good linearity (R > 0.99), whose detection limits for iron and lead were 0.091 and 0.043 mg kg -1 and relative standard deviation (n=10) equal 4 and 6%, respectively. The vegetables w...
Given the issue of lipids in effluent treatment systems and their negative impact on the environment, this study aimed to examine lipid degradation by homogenous catalytic ozonation with the aid of iron and manganese ions. This technology presents the possibility of completely mineralizing pollutants using hydroxyl radicals. Milk is chosen as the lipid source because of the high concentration of triglycerides in its matrix, this kind of lipid being the one found most frequently in food and, consequently, in effluent treatment systems. The milk pH value is controlled, and acidic, neutral, and basic conditions are evaluated. The rates of pseudo-first-order reactions and the effective value are estimated. It is shown that under acidic conditions low catalyst dosages are enough to cause the complete degradation of lipids. Under neutral conditions, a similar behavior is observed. Under basic conditions, higher catalyst dosages give higher reaction rates. The order of effectiveness of the catalysts under acidic and basic conditions is Fe 2+ > Mn 2+ , with Mn 2+ > Fe 2+ under neutral conditions. Homogeneous catalytic ozonation is therefore efficient at lipid degradation. This technique is viable economically, since the lipid removal occurred at low ozone levels. In addition, the ions used as catalysts are naturally abundant.
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