feminina. Conclusão: As ondas mais antigas apresentaram perfil de mortalidade com mais óbitos em idades mais elevadas do que as populações de brasileiros e das ondas mais recentes, com variabilidade entre as nacionalidades que compõem estas últimas, com destaque para a população de bolivianos, que apresentou pior perfil, com óbitos em idades jovens e proporção maior de causas externas do que as demais nacionalidades.Palavras-chave: Mortalidade. Imigrantes. Sistemas de Informação. ABSTRACTSilveira RC. Mortality of international immigrants in the city of São Paulo, from 2006 to 2015 [dissertation]. São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP; 2019. Introduction: Changes arising from the process of restructuring production implies the mobility of capital and population, in different parts of the world. The process of migration in search of better living conditions involves a series of events that may be traumatic and may put the migrant at risk.Restrictions related to unstable and precarious employment situation, as well difficulty in obtaining social protection, can influence their health. Costs associated with health care can be barriers to the use of health services. Objective: To evaluate the quality of information and the death profile of the immigrant population in the city of São Paulo, from 2006 to 2015. Methods: We used the Mortality Information System -SIM database from 2006 to 2015 and the 2010 census data. The incompleteness were analyzed for variables: gender, age, race/ skin color, education, place of death, occupation and certifying physician . The naturalness variable was used to classify deaths among immigrants and nationals and to classify them between old (Portuguese, Japanese and Italian) and recent migratory waves (Argentine, Bolivian, Chilean, Chinese and South Korean). Proportional mortality by gender, age and race/ skin color, and Swaroop & Uemura and Potential Years ol Life Lost (PYLL) indicators wereanalyzed. To measure the risk of death, crude and standardized mortality rates were calculated by age group for 2010. Results: Regarding the quality of DO's completeness , the variables gender, age, place of death and race/skin color were classified as excellent for immigrants and Brazilians. The certifying physician variable was classified as good, education and occupation as regular, except for education among Brazilians, which was poor.The only one variable that showed an incompleteness growth was the certifying physician. Immigrant deaths accounted for 6.2% of total deaths in the period, with higher volume for older waves (62.7%) compared to more recent ones (7.1%). In all nationalities, male deaths were more frequent, especially the Chilean population (63.6%). Deaths from older waves presented higher concentration of the elderly, especially in the older age groups.The same did not happen with the most recent waves, in which Bolivians had the lowest average age at death (50.3 years). The three main causes of death were the same in both immigrants and Brazilians. For male deaths, external ca...
Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a mortalidade dos imigrantes bolivianos residentes no município de São Paulo comparada à dos brasileiros, com ênfase na análise das mortes evitáveis. Estudo descritivo dos óbitos do município de São Paulo entre 2007 e 2018 registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Foram analisados os óbitos de pessoas de 5 a 74 anos, conforme a lista de causas de mortes evitáveis por intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde, segundo grupos e sexo; o teste de qui-quadrado foi utilizado na comparação das nacionalidades. A tendência temporal foi avaliada pela regressão de Prais-Winsten. Houve 1.123 óbitos de bolivianos e 883.116 de brasileiros, com predomínio de óbitos masculinos, com idade média ao morrer menor (-13,6 anos) para bolivianos. A proporção de óbitos por causas evitáveis foi semelhante entre bolivianos (71,0%) e brasileiros (72,8%) e a tendência não apresentou variação anual proporcional significante para ambas as nacionalidades. Para bolivianos, houve maior frequência de causas externas (27,6%) e de causas reduzíveis por ações de promoção, prevenção, controle e atenção às doenças infecciosas (20,8%). Os bolivianos exibiram mortalidade mais jovem, sem redução na proporção de causas evitáveis, o que pode indicar acesso desigual aos serviços de saúde.
The objective was to analyze the mortality of Bolivian immigrants compared to the Brazilian population, living in the city of São Paulo, with an emphasis on the analysis of avoidable deaths. Descriptive study of deaths in the city of São Paulo, between 2007 and 2018, registered in the Mortality Information System. Deaths of people aged 5 to 74 years were analyzed, according to “Brazilian List of Causes of Preventable Deaths”, according to groups and sex; Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare nationalities. The temporal trend of avoidable deaths was evaluated by Prais-Winsten regression. There were 1.123 Bolivians deaths and 883.116 among Brazilians, with a predominance of male deaths and the Bolivians died on average 13.6 years younger. The proportion of deaths from preventable causes was similar between Bolivians (71.0%) and Brazilians (72.8%) and the trend did not show significant proportional annual variation for both nationalities. There is a higher frequency, among Bolivians, of external causes (27.6%) and of causes reducible by actions to health promotion, prevention, control, and care for infectious diseases (20.8%) than to Brazilians. Conclusion: Bolivians died younger and showed no reduction in the proportion of potentially avoidable causes, which may indicate unequal access to health services.
Backgroud Hypertension (HTN) is a multifactorial chronic disease. Considering the high prevalence rates of this disease, treatment of HTN is necessary, not only to reduce BP levels, but also to prevent the development of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and kidney diseases. This treatment can be medication and/or non-farmacological, like device-guided slow breathing (DGSB) or non-device-guided slow breathing (NDGSB). Purpose The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the effects of DGSB and NDGSB on blood pressure levels of patients with hypertension. Methods This study is systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, about hypertensive patients, with or without comorbidity, over 18 years old, of both sexes, with or without hypertensive medication. The selected studies showed comparisons between groups that performed DGSB and/or NDGSB with control conditions. The primary outcome was the value of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after the interventions. Results Twenty-two studies involving 17,214 participants were included in the quantitative analysis. Considerable heterogeneity was revealed between studies. Using random effect model, it was found that DGSB did not significantly reduce SBP and DBP compared to usual care, both in terms BP values and in relation to their variations (SBP, MD −2.13 mmHg, [95% CI −12.71 to 8.44], 288 individuals; I2=93%, high heterogenity: DBP, MD −0.90, 95% CI −3.97 to 2.11, 288 individuals; I2=63%, substantial heterogenity. SBP variations MD −2.42, 95% CI −7.24 to 2.40, 443 individuals; I2=85% high heterogenity/DBP variations MD −1.67, 95% CI −4.57 to 1.24, 443 individuals; I2=80%, high heterogenity). Conclusion Based on these results it appears that DGSB did not reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients and NDGSB is a new path for future. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.
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