A language disorder is a significant symptom of schizophrenia. A psychiatrist can find this disorder when interviews with a patient. Screening and diagnosis in patients with schizophrenia alone rely heavily on interviews conducted on patients and any instructions captured from patients both verbally and nonverbally. A psychiatrist can also analyze the language aspects in schizophrenia from a language level perspective ranging from phonetic to pragmatic. This analysis paves the way for the process of interference detection since the prodromal phase. Language disorder in schizophrenia is often associated with impaired thinking processes. However, with the development of science and technology today, there is an objective and quantitative method of computational analysis of language through the Natural Language Processing process with a semantic space model that allows a psychiatrist to learn aspects of the human language process, especially in semantic and pragmatic aspects. The review provides a groundbreaking proposal for biomarkers for schizophrenia that have not been available so far through the assessment of language disorders in patients with schizophrenia. Objective and accurate detection of language disorders in schizophrenia can be a modality for psychiatrists to screen, make diagnoses, determine prognosis, evaluate therapies, and monitor recurrence using existing technology media.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder that shows difficulties in communication, social interaction, behavior, interests and activities that are limited and repetitive. The prevalence of ASD also continues to increase worldwide, followed by an increase in the need for early intervention in ASD children. The limited services available make early intervention a challenge in itself. The long Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in limited therapy, because therapy in treatment service facilities cannot be carried out as before. In this case it is important to involve parents as the primary caregivers for ASD children in interventions to anticipate the limited interventions due to a pandemic situation. Parent Training can be done as an effort to provide information, education, and skills to parents so that they can provide intensive, comprehensive, sustainable, and early intervention.

Latar belakang: Gangguan depresi merupakan penyebab ketiga utama mortalitas pada remaja. Prevalensi gangguan depresi pada remaja diperkirakan 6 hingga 20%, dengan angka rekuren 60 sampai 80% di akhir masa remaja. Selain faktor genetik, biologik dan lingkungan sosial, faktor keluarga dalam hal ini pola asuh menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya gangguan depresi pada remaja. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan tingginya gangguan psikiatri pada anak dan remaja yang mengalami overweight-obesitas. Kerentanan depresi yang terjadi pada remaja, terlebih pada remaja yang overweight-obesitas, membuat peneliti menjadikan topik ini sebagai bahasan penelitian dihubungkan dengan tipe pola asuh yang diterima oleh remaja tersebut dari orang tuanya.Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui prevalensi masing-masing tipe pola asuh dan menganalisis hubungan antara pola asuh dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta Surabaya.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan bentuk cross sectional terhadap remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta di Surabaya dan menggunakan metode analisis statistik korelasional. Tehnik pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), Children Depression Inventory (CDI) dan Parental Authority Questionairre (PAQ).Hasil: Didapatkan 133 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan karakteristik responden menurut kategori Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), didapatkan bahwa kategori overweight sebesar 105 responden (78,9%) dan kategori obesitas sebesar 28 responden (21,1%). Berdasarkan kategori skor Children Depression Inventory (CDI), didapatkan 107 responden (80,5%) dengan skor CDI 0-12 yang berarti tidak didapatkan gejala depresi dan 26 responden (19,5%) dengan skor CDI >12 yang berarti didapatkan gejala depresi. Uji analisis korelasi tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh ayah dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese dengan nilai p=0,265 juga tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh ibu dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta Surabaya, dengan nilai p = 0,119.Simpulan: Didapatkan prevalensi tipe pola asuh ayah : otoritatif/demokratis 55,6%, otoriter 11,3%, permisif 12,0%, demokratis dan otoriter 3,0%, demokratis dan permisif 5,3%, otoriter dan permisif 2,3% serta demokratis dan otoriter dan permisif 10,5%. Untuk prevalensi tipe pola asuh ibu : otoritatif/demokratis 63,2%, otoriter 9,0%, permisif 10,5%, kombinasi demokratis dan otoriter 0,8%, demokratis dan permisif 3,0%, otoriter dan permisif  0% serta demokratis dan otoriter dan permisif 13,5%. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese.

The family is the main factor in the emotional and mental formation of the child. A child's emotional mental problem is a mental change that pathologically occurs in the child. This study aims to identify the relationship between family functioning and emotional mental problems in children. This study used a cross-sectional analytical method using The McMaster Familly Assessment Device questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire. The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between family functioning and children's emotional mental problems on difficulty scores with p = 0.000 < 0.05;  r  = - 0.327, and there is no relationship between family functioning and the child's emotional mental problems on the strength score, p = 0.074 > 0.05

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