This paper describes gate work function and oxide thickness tuning to realize novel circuits using dual-V th independent-gate FinFETs. Dual-V th FinFETs with independent gates enable series and parallel merge transformations in logic gates, realizing compact low power alternatives. Furthermore, they also enable the design of a new class of compact logic gates with higher expressive power and flexibility than conventional forms, e.g., implementing 12 unique Boolean functions using only four transistors. The gates are designed and calibrated using the University of Florida double-gate model into a technology library. Synthesis results for 14 benchmark circuits from the ISCAS and OpenSPARC suites indicate that on average, the enhanced library reduces delay, power, and area by 9%, 21%, and 27%, respectively, over a conventional library designed using FinFETs in 32nm technology.
SUMMARYThe total amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the mainstream smoke of a burning cigarette during a steady draw were measured by a nondispersive infrared (IR) technique for a variety of flow rates. The temperature profiles in the cigarette were also measured under the same flow conditions. The data were used in a diffusion model to estimate the concentrations of these gases downstream of the pyrolysis zone. The contribution of pyrolysis in the generation of these gases was calculated using a kinetic model. The remaining CO and CO 2 are attributed to processes occurring in the combustion zone. The calculated mean concentrations of carbon oxides behind the pyrolysis zone are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The contributions of pyrolysis and combustion to the formation of CO were found to be approximately 1/3 and 2/3 respectively. The results show that the peak temperature rises with an increase in the mainstream flow rate in the limited range of 0 to 200 mL/min. As a result, the concentrations of carbon oxides behind the pyrolysis zone also increase with the flow rate and reach plateaus at higher flow rates. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2003)
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