Phytoremediation has been intensively studied due its costs effectiveness and environmentally sound. Studies of heavy metal pollution phytoremediation has been done in develop countries, but still limited in Indonesia. This study aims to explore the potential of wild plant species Eleusine indica L. and Sonchus arvensis L. as an agent of phytoremediation on Cd-contaminated soil. This study was done descriptively in Pujon, Malang, Indonesia, to test the ability of two species of wild plants E. indica and S. arvensis in absorbing Cd. Along this research, plant growth and the concentration of Cd in roots, stems and leaves, was monitored. Plant growth was measured every week for three months. The plant roots, stems, and leaves collected separately, then analyzed its Cd levels. The results showed that both of two species of wild plants grew well on soil contaminated Cd. Plant roots can accumulate higher Cd than the stem part. In addition, E indica has the ability to accumulate Cd higher than S. arvensis, i.e. 57.11% and 35.84%, respectively.
Tailings, waste processing from gold ore separation (amalgamation), is generally disposed of on agricultural land, so the land became polluted and unproductive. Remediation of contaminated land can use wild plants as a potential agent of phytoremediation. Surrounding the mine area are found various kinds of wild plants that grow well and potentially as remediator plants. This study aimed to obtain the kinds of plants that grow around the gold mining activities of the people and has the potential as a crop Remediator. The study was conducted in the areas surrounding the gold mine of the people in Pesanggaran, Banyuwangi District East Java Province. Exploration carried out using wild plants transect method. Plants that had the highest IIV value has the life skills and high adaptability. Soil analysis results in tailings disposal site showed a low content of soil fertility, such as pH 7.7 to 7.9 (alkaline), C-organic (0.14%), N (0.13%), P (5.7 mg kg -1 ), K (0.11 me/100g), and CEC (13 me/100g). The content of heavy metals Hg and Pb were detected has exceeded the threshold value (NAV) is required, which is 251.2 mg kg -1 and 135.2 mg kg -1. The results showed that the people around the gold mine site, there are about 31 species of wild plants that have adapted, 6 species of plants which have potential as Remediator. ie Eleusine inica, Chromolaena odorata, Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus, spp., Sesbania grandiflora and Momordica charantia, with IIV 22.27%, respectively 22.02%, 15.20%, 14.57%, 13 , 97%, and 12.49%.
<p>Carbon stock is one of the essential types of ecosystem services that are provided by vegetation. Land use has significant effects both directly and indirectly on vegetation cover and strongly influences the carbon stock within the ecosystem. In this study, we have investigated the effect of land cover changes on the carbon stocks at the sub-watershed of Sumber Brantas, Batu city, East Java. This research was conducted at the Junrejo, Batu and Bumiaji districts of Batu city. Land cover classes were determined from satellite imagery. The carbon stock was measured at plot and landscape level using RaCSA. The results showed that forest conversion into plantation forest (pine, Teak, <em>Albizia chinensis</em>, <em>Anthocephalus cadamba</em>) or agricultural land caused losses of the above-ground C-stock of ~50 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, while losses of the underground C-stock were ~20 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>. Tree biomass contributes about 60% of the C-stock on average, while the understorey and necromass contribute C-stock about 2% and 5%, respectively. Mixed forest has a total C-stock as much as 316.64 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, followed by plantation forest (247.19 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>), farmland and scrubland i.e. 51.57 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> and 12 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>,respectively. As the consequences of forest conversion into cropland (2008~2012), the Sumber Brantas sub-watershed (139,447 ha) has been lost its C-stock as much as 0.83 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>, equivalent to 3.04 Mg CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>. This study showed that C-stock will be maintained by managing and planting woody plant which has high tree biomass.</p>
Desa wisata merupakan suatu tempat yang memiliki ciri dan nilai tertentu yang dapat menjadi daya tarik khusus bagi wisatawan dengan minat khusus terhadap kehidupan pedesaan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi masyarakat terhadap potensi produk unggulan pertanian untuk mendukung pengembangan Desa Wisata Tamansari (DEWI TARI) di Desa Tamansari, Kecamatan Licin, Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode penyajian data dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan chi square. Sektor unggulan desa Tamansari pada sektor pertanian, perkebunan, dan peternakan komoditas unggulan berupa kopi, padi, sapi, kambing, dan cengkeh. Sektor kehutanan, hasil kayu, dan non kayu komoditas unggulan berupa sengon dan mahoni. Sektor perikanan komoditas unggulan berupa ikan nila, ikan koi, dan ikan mas. Indikator produk unggulan desa memiliki korelasi kuat dengan berbagai sektor pertanian serta dipersepsikan secara baik oleh masyarakat
Heavy metal pollution in agricultural land threatens soil and food quality. Soil pollution could be remediate using biochar, but the effectiveness of biochar on soil quality improvement is determined by types of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. This study was aimed to explore the effect of different types of biochar on soil properties. Biochar from rice husk and tobacco waste was applied to soil contaminated with lead and mercury. This study was conducted at Sumber Brantas, Malang East Java, and used a completely randomized design with three replicates. Heavy metals content was measured using AAS. The results of measurements were analyzed using analysis of variance at 5% and 1% significance levels. The initial analysis of the soil properties at the research site showed that the soil nutrient status was low, i.e. N (0.2 %), K (0.50 cmol + /kg), and CEC (5.9 me/100g) respectively, but soil pH was neutral (6.8). The research site also has crossed the threshold of heavy metal content for Hg (0.5 ppm), Pb (25.22 ppm), Cd (1.96 ppm), and As (0.78 ppm). Biochar added had a positive influence on soil characteristics improvement. It could increase the content of organic C, i.e. 35.12% and 31.81% and CEC (cation exchange capacity), i.e.30.56 me/100g and 28.13 me/100 g for rice husk biochar and tobacco waste biochar, respectively. However, N, P, and K contents were low i.e. N ( 0.33 and 0.30 %); P 2 O 5 (148.79 and 152 ppm); K (1.58 and 2.11 mg/100g) for rice husk biochar and tobacco waste biochar, respectively. Keywords: biochar, heavy metal, remediationTo cite this article: Hamzah, A., Hapsari, R.I. and Priyadarshini, R. 2017. The influence of rice husk and tobacco waste biochars on soil quality.
Studies were carried out on anaerobic codigestion of primary and secondary excess sludge obtained from tannery effluent treatment plant. Anaerobic biomass collected from a treatment plant was used as the source of micro-organisms. The optimum feed to micro-organism ratio was evaluated as 0.7 on the basis of volatile solids reduction cum gas production. Both feed and anaerobic biomass were subjected to ultrasonic pre-treatment in order to enhance the digestion process. Experiments carried out on batch mode showed significant increase in the gas production for pre-treated feed and biomass. Optimum pretreatment durations were evaluated as 5 min for feed and 3 min for anaerobic biomass. Heat flow analyses of the anaerobic biomass using isothermal microcalorimetry throw light on different stages of digestion process. The effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment on anaerobic biomass was also substantiated using this technique. The heat energy released by pre-treated and untreated anaerobic biomass was evaluated as 16.3 and 7.6 kJ/kg, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed that the overall rate constant of digestion process increased by 1.5 times due to pre-treatment. However, the initial lag time increased by about 20 % for the optimally pre-treated sample compared to untreated sample. Modified Gompertz equation was used to model, and the parameters were evaluated. The significance of this work lies on energy production (bio gas) and at the same time increasing the maintenance metabolism rate thereby minimizing excess sludge biomass generation.
Introduction: Pterocarpus santalinus have their application in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) is a natural, non-caloric sugar substitute that is a rich source of a pharmacologically significant glycoside. Proper diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions contribute to overcoming diabetes. Aim: The present study aims to assess the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation. Materials and Methods: Preparation of plant extract followed by antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. Results: Results were tabulated and graphically analyzed using SPSS software. As the concentration increased the percentage of inhibition also increased in both antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. Conclusion: The present study concluded that Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation has antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
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