La política española de inmigración y los intereses económicos de España en el extranjero /R. M. VERDUGO-MATÉS
ResumenEn este artículo, se realiza un pormenorizado análisis en torno a los mensajes políticos construidos por las asociaciones de inmigrantes que forman parte del Foro para la Integración Social de los Inmigrantes de España. Para ello, se ha optado por el uso del marco teórico del «análisis de marcos» (McAdams, McCarthy y Zald, 1999; Snow, Benford y Hunt, 1993), categoría analítica proveniente del «interaccionismo simbólico» de Goffman (1974), y que se considera como un elemento central en la formación de la identidad de los actores sociales y en su «actuación social», así como en la definición de problemáticas, causas y soluciones de sus reivindicaciones. Secundariamente, se esbozan las resonancias de sus propuestas y de sus programas políticos y sociales en diferentes «audiencias», con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto político de sus discursos. Palabras clave: procesos de enmarcamiento, narraciones políticas, movimiento asociativo inmigrante, Foro para la Integración Social de los Inmigrantes, España. Abstract. Political narrations and frame processes concerning the speech of the associations involved in the Forum for the Social Integration of Spain InmigrantsThis article carries out a detailed analysis of the political messages constructed by the immigrants associations which are part of the Forum for the Social Integration of the Spain Immigrants. The author has opted to make use of the «frame analysis» theoretical mark Snow, Benford and Hunt, 1993), analytic category coming from the «symbolic interactionism» of Goffman (1974), considered as a central element in the identity formation of the social actors and in their «social performance», as well as in the definition of problematic, causes and solutions of their demands. Secondarily, the author addresses the resonance of their proposals and their political and social programs in different «audiences» in order to evaluate the political impact of their speeches.
ResumenEn este artículo analizamos el comportamiento de los clientes de prostitución o "puteros" durante los meses de confinamiento derivados de la pandemia global que estamos padeciendo. Pese al riesgo para la vida y la salud, en estos meses la demanda de sexo comercial en España no ha cesado, tal y como se desprende de los testimonios de las mujeres en prostitución y de los contenidos de los chats de puteros. Este hecho contradictorio demuestra la fortaleza actual del mandato de masculinidad patriarcal en España -primer país europeo en consumo de prostitución -y la hegemonía de un modelo de masculinidad fallido en su humanidad, incompatible con el momento de vulnerabilidad total que estamos sufriendo como sociedad.Palabras claves: Masculinidad, cliente de prostitución, prostitución, confinamiento, pandemia.Resumo Prostitucão e confinamento: o putanheiro 2.0 Neste artigo analisamos o comportamento dos clientes de prostituição ou "puteros" durante os meses de confinamento da pandemia global que estamos a viver. Apesar do risco para a vida e a saúde, nestes meses a procura de sexo comercial em Espanha não cessou, como se pode ver pelos testemunhos de mulheres na prostituição e pelos conteúdos dos chats dos clientes de sexo pago. Este facto contraditório demonstra a força atual do mandato patriarcal da masculinidade em Espanha -o primeiro país europeu em consumo
This article provides new data on the female labour activity rate, obtained by analysing the determinants of female participation in rural and urban labour markets in Galicia in 1924. We selected five municipalities (two cities and three towns) to represent different economic models. The two larger hubs are A Coruña, a city with industry, services and a commercial port; and Ourense, a provincial capital in the interior of the region. The smaller, more rural municipalities analysed are Bueu, a good example of the region’s industrialization model focused on fishing, fish processing; Padrón, which combines agriculture, textiles, and tanning sectors; and Nigrán, which is eminently agrarian. By combining demographic data (Nominative Population Census of 1924) with other sources, this article corrects the female activity rate in agriculture and the fishprocessing industry. The revised female labour participation rates are higher, surpassing 50% in rural municipalities and 30% in cities. We also analyse rural and urban labour markets from a gender perspective, identifying the main male and female occupations. Finally, this research explores the accuracy of the predominance of the “male breadwinner” model in this region in the 1920s.
<p>This article is focused on the study conducted on prostitution customers in Spain with the purpose of understanding why men pay for sex. In order to answer this question, the discourses of prostitution customers were analyzed through semi-structured in-depth interviews, group interviews and discussion groups. With the aim of coherently structuring the obtained narrations and classifying them in categories, the theoretical framework “frame analysis” was implemented. Four typologies of ideal customers were obtained: the misogynistic (hatred for women); consumerist (everything can be bought and sold); friend (affective though abusive); and critical (occasional and repentant). As far as we are concerned, the purchase of sex is not produced by the search for quality sex, fun and hedonistic enjoyment, but rather for a strategy to reinforce masculinity based on an identity focused on exhibition in front of a group of peers. </p>
En este artículo se describen los cambios operados en las migraciones internacionales en África occidental y se identifican los principales países de emigración e inmigración de la región desde mediados de la década de 1970 hasta 2010. A partir de la crisis de 1973, en África occidental se incrementaron los emigrantes intercontinentales; por una parte, los países que eran receptores de inmigrantes intrarregionales comenzaron a perfilarse como emisores de emigrantes intercontinentales y, por otra, los países tradicionalmente de emigración buscaron cada vez más sus destinos fuera del continente. Actualmente, Francia sigue siendo el primer país europeo con el mayor número de inmigrantes de África occidental, pero a partir de la década de 1990, Estados Unidos y el sur de Europa (especialmente Italia y España) fueron viendo cómo aumentaban en sus países los inmigrantes procedentes de esta región africana.
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