Our results suggest that whole-tumor histogram analysis of nCBV and ADC combined can be a valuable objective diagnostic method for differentiating between GBM and PCNSL.
The bacterial community and the metabolic activities involved at the flavor-forming stage during the fermentation of shrimp sauce were investigated using metatranscriptome and 16S rRNA gene sequencings. Results showed that the abundance of Tetragenococcus was 95.1%. Tetragenococcus halophilus was identified in 520 of 588 transcripts annotated in the Nr database. Activation of the citrate cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, along with the absence of lactate dehydrogenase gene expression, in T. halophilus suggests that T. halophilus probably underwent aerobic metabolism during shrimp sauce fermentation. The metabolism of amino acids, production of peptidase, and degradation of limonene and pinene were very active in T. halophilus. Carnobacterium, Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Clostridium were also metabolically active, although present in very small populations. Enterococcus, Abiotrophia, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus were detected in metatranscriptome sequencing, but not in 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Many minor taxa showed no gene expression, suggesting that they were in dormant status.
Micro-phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography with an X-ray interferometer (micro-phase-contrast CT) is in operation to obtain high spatial resolution images of less than 0.01 mm at the undulator beam-line 20XU of SPring-8, Japan, and we applied micro-phase-contrast CT to observe the organs of rats and hamsters. The excised kidney and spleen fixed by formalin were imaged. The fine inner-structures such as vessels, glomeruli of kidney and white and red pulps of spleen were visualized clearly about 0.01-mm spatial resolutions without using contrast agent or staining procedure. The results were very similar to those by optical microscopic images with 20-fold magnification. These results suggest that the micro-phase tomography might be a useful tool for various biomedical researches.
Virtual monochromatic energy imaging can decrease BHA and improve CT number accuracy in different dual-energy computed tomography systems, depending on energy levels and iodine concentrations.
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