Achieving rapid and safe control of perforating and irregular hemorrhage, defined as bleeding wounds with irregular external and internal wound shape, located deep within complex and covert hemorrhage sites, is vital to decrease the risk of mortality during prehospital treatments and surgical procedures. However, current hemostatic materials do not control hemorrhage effectively as their ability to access the bleeding source and coagulate blood is limited. Here, a biphasic Janus self-propelled hemostatic particle (MSS@CaCO 3) is prepared via uniaxial growth of flower-like calcium carbonate crystal (CaCO 3) on negatively-modified-microporous starch (MSS). The as-synthesized hemostatic particle (MSS@CaCO 3 T) is loaded with thrombin and powered by the internal component CaCO 3, with the collaborative use of protonated tranexamic acid. These particles are capable of traveling against the blood flow allowing them to access deep bleeding sites, inducing synergistic blood coagulation effects to effectively halt hemorrhaging. The self-propelling Janus hemostatic particle is sufficiently available in the deep bleeding sites of liver and femoral artery hemorrhage models, wherein the hemorrhage is rapidly controlled in ≈50 s and ≈3 min, respectively. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first attempt of controlling hemorrhage using Janus hemostatic particles with a self-propelling property.
Trauma bleeding can be a fatal event, particularly when large quantities of blood are lost in a short time. Therefore, hemostasis has become a crucial part of emergency treatment. For...
Silver nanoparticles
(Ag NPs) are widely used against bacteria,
but further applications are restricted by their cytotoxicity. Their
antibacterial efficiency cannot be measured because of the risk of
development of multidrug resistance (MDR) with use of antibiotics.
An alloy nanostructure of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) inlaid on Ag
NPs was synthesized using egg white protein (denoted here as Au–Ag
NPs), exhibiting an enhanced antibacterial effect and can visually
indicate the antibacterial efficacy by fluorescence. Interestingly,
the fluorescence recovered after antibacterial action. Au–Ag
NPs showed enhanced antibacterial effect, due to higher reactive oxygen
species (ROS) generation than Ag NPs, after adhering to the surface
of bacteria, suggesting that the silver content in Au–Ag NPs
can be tuned to reach high antibacterial activity with low cytotoxicity.
Au–Ag NPs visualized bacteria by fluorescence changes, which
makes the antibacterial process clear and allows the dosage of antibacterial
agents to be controlled accurately, which can prevent MDR. Efficient
antibacterial activity coupled with the ability to visualize bacterial
processes allow Au–Ag NPs to be a potential solution in medicine
and biosensing.
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