A busca de melhor qualidade de vida nos últimos anos faz aumentar o número de pessoas preocupadas com a redução do peso corporal. Muitos indivíduos procuram atividades físicas regulares como forma alternativa de tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil dos indivíduos que iniciam programas de exercícios em academias, quanto à composição corporal e aos objetivos em relação à faixa etária e ao sexo. Pesquisa transversal, com amostragem de 90 homens e 89 mulheres, composta por alunos iniciantes de uma academia em Curitiba, avaliados entre agosto de 1998 e setembro de 1999. Para a coleta de dados os alunos preencheram uma ficha que continha objetivos predeterminados. As medidas antropométricas, massa corporal, estatura e dobras cutâneas seguiram as indicações de Wartenweiler et al. (1974). No cálculo da densidade corporal em adultos utilizou-se a fórmula de Petroski (1995) - 4 dobras cutâneas. Para a estimativa do percentual de gordura (%G) em adultos a fórmula de Siri (1961). O tratamento estatístico foi com o teste "t" de Student para grupo independentes. Foram observadas diferenças significativas (p < 0,05), para o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e %G nos homens, e, para %G nas mulheres entre as faixas etárias. Para os indivíduos de 20 a 30 anos, 45,7% dos homens desejam aumentar massa muscular; 54,9% das mulheres esperam reduzir peso. Entre 30 e 40 anos, 35% dos homens desejam redução de peso corporal. Embora 55% das mulheres entre 20 e 30 anos desejem redução de peso corporal, somente 16,9% delas realmente necessitam. Pode-se concluir que o incremento da gordura corporal ocorre em ambos os sexos com o avanço da idade e que a análise dos valores médios de %G e IMC indicam que homens e mulheres têm sua condição de saúde agravada e seus objetivos modificados com a idade.
RESUMOO American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) sugere equações para estimativa do gasto metabólico da caminhada e da corrida, concebidas a partir de pressupostos: 1) que o indivíduo esteja executando uma atividade em estado de equilíbrio e 2) que o consumo de oxigênio (VO 2 ) tem relação linear com a intensidade do trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a validade concorrente dessas equações metabólicas em homens regularmente ativos entre 20 e 30 anos de idade, tendo como medida critério a espirometria (TEEM-100, AeroSport ABSTRACTThe American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has proposed equations for estimating metabolic cost of walking and running, which were based on two conditions: 1. that the subject is performing a steady state exercise, and 2. that the oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) has a linear relationship with the workload. The purpose of this study was to verify the concurrent validity of these equations among men, aged 20 to 30 years and who were regularly active, using the spirometry as a criterion measure (AeroSport TEEM-100 gas analyzer). The sample was composed of 36 men. On day 1, they performed a maximal exercise test on a treadmill (ATL 10200, INBRASPORT). The subjects completed a standard 6-stage protocol with different speeds (80.4, 120.6 and 160.8 m.min -1 ) and grades (0 and 5%), 48 to 96 hours after maximal test. Besides descriptive statistics, other procedures included Pearson's linear correlation, the coefficient of determination, one-way ANOVA and paired t-Student test with level of significance established at 0.05. The analyses were performed with the SPSS package. The results showed that there was VO 2 overestimation for both activities (p < 0.05), especially for running, except at 80.4 and 120.6 m.min -1 , with no inclination (mean difference from -30 to 20% for walking and 3.2 to 12% for running). The standard error of the estimate (SEE) varied between 1.56 and 3.15 ml O 2 .kg -1 .min -1 and around 3.5 ml O 2 .kg -1 .min -1 , for walking and running, respectively. Correlation coefficients were greater than 0.7 for all stages. However, according to Lohman's criteria (1992), the equations were not validated. Therefore, among young men, SEE should be taken into account, due to the fact that the ACSM equations for walking and running overestimate VO 2 values.
Adult overweight and obesity prevalence by two anthropometric criteria To determine and compare overweight and obesity by two anthropometric criteria, BMI and %Fat, of adults aged 20 to 40 years old. Data were collected from 400 subjects enrolled on distinct exercise training programs in Curitiba, Paraná. Subjects were organized in 4 age groups from age 20 to 40 years old. BMI and %Fat overweight and obesity criteria were those of WHO (2000) and Lohman (1992), respectively. For such, weight, stature and fours skin folds (triceps, subescapula, iliac crest and medial calf) data were collected. The excess of body weight prevalence was significantly higher (p<0.05) for %Fat (66.2%) than for BMI (45.6%) of which 53.2% were overweight and 13% obese. For BMI, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were, respectively, 36.3% and 9.3%. Accordingly to the %Fat diagnostic, a subject between ages 35-39 years old has a 300% and 45% chance of being classified as obese and overweight, respectively, than a subject aged from 20-24 years old. Likewise, for BMI, a subject has a 46% chance of being classified as overweight at the age 30-34 years old than a subject between ages 20-24 years old. This study found a prevalence of excess body weight for one out of three at the moment of enrollment. The risk of obesity, as excess of body weight, can better be identified by %F than BMI.
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