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Background Guidelines for the management of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) rely on the age, sex, and angina typicality-based pre-test probabilities of angiographically significant CAD derived from invasive coronary angiography (“Guideline Probabilities”). Reliability of Guideline Probabilities has not been investigated in patients referred to noninvasive CAD testing. Methods and Results We identified 14048 consecutive patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) Angina typicality was recorded using accepted criteria. Pre-test likelihoods of CAD with ≥50% diameter stenosis (CAD50) and ≥70% diameter stenosis (CAD70) were calculated using Guideline Probabilities. CTA images were evaluated by ≥1 expert reader to determine presence of CAD50 and CAD70. Typical angina was associated with the highest prevalence of CAD50 (40% in men, 19% in women) and CAD70 (27% men, 11% women) when compared to other symptom categories (p<0.001 for all). Observed CAD50 and CAD70 prevalence were substantially lower than that predicted by Guideline Probabilities in the overall population (18% vs. 51% for CAD50, 10% vs. 42% for CAD70, p<0.001), driven by pronounced differences in patients with atypical angina (15% vs. 47% for CAD50, 7% vs. 37% for CAD70) and typical angina (29% vs. 86% for CAD50, 19% vs. 71% for CAD70). Marked overestimation of disease prevalence by Guideline Probabilities was found at all participating centers and across all sex and age subgroups. Conclusion In this multinational study of patients referred for coronary CTA, determination of pre-test likelihood of angiographically significant CAD by the invasive angiography-based Guideline Probabilities greatly overestimates the actual prevalence of disease.

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OBJECTIVEWe examined the prevalence, extent, severity, and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in individuals with and without diabetes (DM) who are similar in CAD risk factors.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe identified 23,643 consecutive individuals without known CAD undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography. A total of 3,370 DM individuals were propensity matched in a 1-to-2 fashion to 6,740 unique non-DM individuals. CAD was defined as none, nonobstructive (1–49% stenosis), or obstructive (≥50% stenosis). All-cause mortality was assessed by risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTSAt a 2.2-year follow-up, 108 (3.2%) and 115 (1.7%) deaths occurred among DM and non-DM individuals, respectively. Compared with non-DM individuals, DM individuals possessed higher rates of obstructive CAD (37 vs. 27%) and lower rates of having normal arteries (28 vs. 36%) (P < 0.0001). CAD extent was higher for DM versus non-DM individuals for obstructive one-vessel disease (19 vs. 14%), two-vessel disease (9 vs. 7%), and three-vessel disease (9 vs. 5%) (P < 0.0001 for comparison), with higher per-segment stenosis in the proximal and mid-segments of every coronary artery (P < 0.001 for all). Compared with non-DM individuals with no CAD, risk of mortality for DM individuals was higher for those with no CAD (hazard ratio 3.63 [95% CI 1.67–7.91]; P = 0.001), nonobstructive CAD (5.25 [2.56–10.8]; P < 0.001), one-vessel disease (6.39 [2.98–13.7]; P < 0.0001), two-vessel disease (12.33 [5.622–27.1]; P < 0.0001), and three-vessel disease (13.25 [6.15–28.6]; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSCompared with matched non-DM individuals, DM individuals possess higher prevalence, extent, and severity of CAD. At comparable levels of CAD, DM individuals experience higher risk of mortality compared with non-DM individuals.

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clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00091637.

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