Differences in family interaction patterns and parental attitudes in families with an adolescent son or daughter classified as nondelinquent, neurotic delinquent, psychopatliic delinquent, or social delinquent were investigated. Differences in family interaction and parental attitudes between groups offer evidence against: a unitary concept of delinquency and support for the usefulness of conceptualizing delinquency in terras of configurations of dimensions of delinquent behavior. Behavioral measures of family interaction did not correlate with responses on a parent attitude questionnaire; however, global ratings of parental attitudes and behaviors based on the interaction session were modestly related to self-report measures.Earl}-studies of juvenile delinquency frequently involved a simple comparison of characteristics of delinquents and nondelinquents. Such an approach was based upon an implicit assumption that delinquency was a homogeneous form of psychopathology and as such should have identifiable patterns of behavior and etiology associated with it. However, recent investigations have indicated that delinquency should be viewed as a legal classification which subsumes a variety of psychological dimensions, each associated with unique characteristics, motivational factors, and experiential antecedents which have contributed to the development of the delinquent behavior
The effects of children's achievement orientations, sex of child, and sex of model were investigated on children's self-reward behavior. Achievement orientation was determined by performance on an embedded figures test; children then participated with an adult model in a bowling-game situation, during which the model used a low score as a criterion for selfreward while imposing a higher criterion on the child. High-achievementoriented girls set the highest self-reward standards, regardless of sex of the model. Both male and female subjects who had interacted with female models took fewer rewards than those who had played with male models. A control group of children that was not exposed to models took markedly more rewards than did the experimental subjects.Much of the recent work on the determinants of self-reinforcement behavior in children has concentrated on the role of imitation in the acquisition and modification of self-reward patterns (e.g., Bandura, Grusec, & Menlove, 1967;Bandura & Kupers, 1964;Bandura & Whalen, 1966). These investigations have isolated a variety of factors that affect this acquisition process, such as prior success and failure experiences, divergent modeling cues, and various characteristics of the model. However, little attention has been paid to the contribution of personality factors to differences in selfreward behavior.
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