Patterns of family interaction and child-rearing attitudes related to three dimensions of juvenile delinquency.

Hetherington, E. Mavis; Stouwie, Roger J.; Ridberg, Eugene H.

doi:10.1037/h0031988

Cited by 97 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…Zimmerman and West interpret their results in terms of male dominance and the power relationships between men and women: '... just as male dominance is exhibited through male control of macro-institutions in society, it is also exhibited through control of at least a part of one micro-institution' (Zimmerman and West, 1975: 125). Interruption has traditionally been interpreted as a sign of dominance in the psychological literature (Farina, 1960;Mishler and Waxier, 1968;Hetherington, Stouwie and Ridberg, 1971;Jacob, 1974Jacob, , 1975. But more recently some authors have cautiously suggested that it may not always reflect or signal dominance.…”

Section: Interruption In Conversational Interaction 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption in conversational interaction, and its relation to the sex and status of the interactants*

Beattie¹

1981

Linguistics

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This study investigated interruptions in one type of natural conversational interaction -university tutorials. It sought to determine how frequency and type of interruption varies with the sex and status of interactants. The study found no sex differences in either the frequency or type of interruption used, contrary to the findings of some previous research. Status appeared, however, to have a significant effect. In terms of overall frequency of interruption, the high status individuals in these groups -tutors in university tutorial groups -were interrupted significantly more frequently than they themselves interrupted. Tutors were, however, found to use a significantly higher proportion ofthat specific type of interruption which has in the past been shown to correlate with ratings of'dominance' than students. The findings of the study have implications for studies of social interaction which attempt to employ the concept of interruption as a measure of 'power' or 'dominance'.

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Section: Interruption In Conversational Interaction 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption in conversational interaction, and its relation to the sex and status of the interactants*

Beattie¹

1981

Linguistics

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“…Record linkage, retrospective, and prospective studies suggest trajectories of negative outcomes for children 5 to 12 years after parental death, including functional impairment compared to nonbereaved youth (3), and up to a 13-fold increased risk for major depression (11). Taken together, the effects of parental death on children strongly confer developmental risk for psychopathology and poor outcomes that extends beyond the period of acute bereavement (12, 13). …”

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confidence: 99%

Cortisol Response to Social Stress in Parentally Bereaved Youth

Dietz¹,

Stoyak²,

Melhem³

et al. 2013

Biological Psychiatry

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Background Parental bereavement is associated with increased risk for psychiatric illness and functional impairment in youth. Dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning may be one pathway through which bereaved children experience increased risk for poor outcomes. However, few studies have prospectively examined the association between parental bereavement and cortisol response while accounting for psychiatric disorders in both youth and their caregivers. Methods One-hundred and eighty-one bereaved and nonbereaved offspring and their caregivers were assessed at multiple time points over a 5-year period after parental death. Offspring participated in an adaptation of the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST), and salivary cortisol samples were collected before and after exposure to social stressors. Mixed models for repeated measures were used to analyze the effects of bereavement status, psychiatric disorder in both offspring and caregiver, and demographic indices on trajectories of cortisol response. Results After controlling for demographic variables and offspring depression, bereaved offspring demonstrated significantly different trajectories of cortisol response compared with nonbereaved offspring, characterized by higher total cortisol output and an absence of cortisol reactivity to acute social stress. Within the bereaved group, offspring of parents who died by sudden natural death demonstrated significant cortisol reactivity to social stress compared with offspring whose parents died by suicide, who demonstrated more blunted trajectory of cortisol response. Conclusions Parentally bereaved youth demonstrate higher cortisol output than nonbereaved youth but are less able to mount an acute response in the face of social stressors.

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“…This latter grouping may or may not include the whole family, depending on the cut‐off age, as well as the number of family members. This brings us to the problem involved in comparing families at different developmental stages (Hill [108]). A family of three children whose youngest child is 16 and a family of three children whose oldest child is 16 are not at the same stage of family development, and, for some purposes at least, are not directly comparable.…”

Section: Methodological and Substantive Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%