Efectos del ejercicio físico de alta intensidad y sobrecarga en parámetros de salud metabólica en mujeres sedentarias, pre-diabéticas con sobrepeso u obesidad (5.4 and 16.6% respectively), insulin (18.6 and 43.4% respectively) (Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 1289-1296.
Objective: To determine the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, its risk factors and resource utilization in a large South American population of very low birth weight infants.Methods: Prospectively collected data in infants weighing 500 to 1,500 g born in 16 NEOCOSUR Network centers from 10/2000 through 12/2003. Multivariate relative risk and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by Poisson regression with robust error variance to find factors that affected the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Results: 1,825 very low birth weight infants survivors were analyzed. Mean birth weight and gestational age were1085±279 g and 29±3 weeks respectively. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidence averaged 24.4% and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia augmented with increasing gestational age. A higher birth weight and gestational age and a female gender all decreased the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Factors that independently increased that risk were surfactant requirement, mechanical ventilation, airleak, patent ductus arteriosus, late onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia infants had more days of hospitalization (91±27 vs. 51±19), of mechanical ventilation (19±20 vs. 4±7) and oxygen therapy (72±30 vs. 8±14) in comparison with non BPD infants.Conclusions: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidence was 24.4% in a large South American population and is related to greater resource utilization. Population and is related to greater resource utilization. Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in this study were: surfactant requirement, mechanical ventilation, airleak, patent ductus arteriosus, late onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. These studies may provide useful information in the design of effective preventive perinatal strategies.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82(1):15-20: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, very low birth weight, risk factors, resource utilization, neonates.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major public health problems. Glucose variability is of such relevance that vascular complications occurrences in DM patients has been attributed to hyperglycemia and dysglycemia event. Therefore, glycemia variability may be considered a health issue; however, whether glycemia variability is represented by a given pattern oscillation, is yet to be determined. Then, we sought to determine whether glycemic variability, assessed with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), display a stationary pattern of oscillation with characteristics of circadian rhythm in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type I (DM‐I) and type II (DM‐II). The CGM data was assessed every 5 minutes x 24 hours x 6 days. Patients (n=196; age, 18‐80 years) were assigned to DM‐I (n=144, Males: 79), DM‐II (n=24, Males 14) and Control (i.e., healthy; n=28, Males: 6) groups. Circadian rhythm of glycemia was assessed during day (08:00‐20:00 h) and night (20:00‐08:00 h) phases. Anthropometry, pharmacologic treatments, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and years of evolution were determined. Participants with DM‐I and DM‐II had greater HbA1c and standard deviation of glycemia compared to Controls, independent of sex. CGM revealed a predominant stationary oscillatory pattern of glycemic control in all experimental groups. Moreover, maximum energy oscillation of glycemia revealed oscillations between 2‐6 days. Between 10:00‐14:00 h DM‐I females displayed greater increase of glycemia compared to DM‐I males and Control females (p<0.05). Females DM‐II patients, between 13:00–19:00 h showed an increase (p<0.05) of glycemia vs. Control females. The DM‐I and DM‐II males, between 02:00‐10:00 h and 22:00‐24:00 h, increased glycemia compared to Control males. The magnitude of interindividual variability of hyperglycemia was similar during day and night phases in DM‐I and DM‐II patients, although in DM‐I male patients hyperglycemia was greater at night compared to day phase (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that the DM‐I and ‐II Female group has a stationary pattern that is characterized by having a circadian pattern. Therefore, the oscillatory pattern reveal that exist a sensitive daily time, which could help to develop new therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of this critical population.
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