Background
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is among one of the common comorbidities in older patients. People with PD may be more vulnerable to severe pneumonia, due to the impairment of pulmonary function. Currently, the association between PD and COVID-19 is not yet established. This study aims to analyze the relationship between PD and in-hospital outcomes of COVID-19.
Materials and Methods
We systematically searched the PubMed and Europe PMC database using specific keywords related to our aims until December 25
th
, 2020. All articles published on COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease were retrieved. The quality of the study was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool for observational studies and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools for cross-sectional studies. Statistical analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4 software.
Results
A total of 12 studies with 103,874 COVID-19 patients were included in this meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed that Parkinson’s Disease was associated with poor in-hospital outcomes [[OR 2.64 (95% CI 1.75 – 3.99),
p
< 0.00001,
I
2
= 81%] and its subgroup which comprised of severe COVID-19 [OR 2.61 (95% CI 1.98 – 3.43),
p
< 0.00001,
I
2
= 0%] and mortality from COVID-19 [RR 2.63 (95% CI 1.50 – 4.60),
p
= 0.0007,
I
2
= 91%]. Meta-regression showed that the association was influenced by age (p = 0.05), but not by gender (p = 0.46) and dementia (p = 0.23).
Conclusions
Extra care and close monitoring should be provided to Parkinson’s Disease patients to minimize the risk of infections, preventing the development of severe and mortality outcomes.
Background: Asia will soon have the majority of demented patients in the world. Objective: To assess dementia using a uniform data system to update the current status of dementia in Asia. Methods: A uniformed data set was administered in Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Korea, Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, and Indonesia to gather data with regard to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its related issues for these countries. Results: In total, 2,370 AD patients and their caregivers were recruited from 2011 to 2014. The demographic characteristics of these patients and the relationships between patients and caregivers were different among individuals in these countries (p < 0.001). Of note, the family history for having dementia was 8.2% for females in contrast to 3.2% for males. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the differences in dementia assessment and care in developing versus developed countries. Greater effort with regard to studying dementia, especially in developing countries, is necessary.
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