This article analyzes how diversity-managing and affirmative action policies targeting Afro-descendants have been introduced into Brazilian workplaces since the late 1990s. It does so by exploring how international regulations and global normative regimes, namely the human rights and the corporate social responsibility movements, have penetrated and shaped the way Brazilian companies deal with racial discrimination. Contending interpretations by executives, managers, and activists are discussed from the perspective of "new legal pluralism," by looking at how these different actors use the norms to induce, subvert, or even evade dominant orders in specific situations. It can be concluded that, even with no legally binding force, global normative regimes have been particularly effective in creating new "sites of opportunity" for Afro-Brazilians. Conversely, the corporate social responsibility premise of going beyond the law neither challenges the ineffectiveness of the national legal system nor disqualifies illegal discriminatory market behavior.
ResumoO bjetiva-se com este trabalho aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as parcerias intersetoriais entre Estado, mercado e sociedade civil, a partir da análise argumentativa de um caso, o projeto Geração XXI, a primeira ação afi rmativa para jovens negros no Brasil. Este trabalho utiliza as teorias da argumentação, sobretudo a teoria da ação comunicativa de Habermas, para avaliar a validade dos discursos manifestados pelos diferentes parceiros e a capacidade destes de criar "situações dialógicas" que busquem possíveis soluções por vias argumentativas. O trabalho baseia-se numa pesquisa qualitativa que combinou a observação participante com entrevistas semiestruturadas. A conclusão apontará que, apesar de o projeto ter sido bem gerenciado desde o ponto de vista da racionalidade instrumental, houve falhas na construção de um signifi cado aceitável por todos os colaboradores de conceitos-chave -ação afi rmativa, gestão da diversidade e responsabilidade social, bem como nos procedimentos de comunicação institucionalizados, que afetaram negativamente os processos e resultados fi nais do projeto.Palavras-chave: Ações afi rmativas. Afrodescendentes. Parcerias intersetoriais. Ação comunicativa. Análise argumentativa. Articulating Affirmative Action Policies for Afro-descendants through Cross-SectorPartnerships: an argumentative analysis of the Geração XXI case Abstract T he goal of this article is to deepen the knowledge on cross-sector partnerships that are articulated among the State, the market, and civil society, taking as the main focus the argumentative analysis of one case, Geração XXI, the fi rst affi rmative action program for black youngsters in Brazil. This paper uses argumentation theory, mainly Haberma's communicative action theory to evaluate the validity of the discourses used by the different partners and the capacity of the latter to create "dialogic situations" that seek possible solutions through argumentative means. The paper is based on qualitative research that combined participant observation with semi-structured interviews. It is concluded that despite the program having been well managed from an instrumental rationality point of view, pitfalls in the construction of a shared meaning acceptable by all the collaborators of key concepts such as affi rmative action, diversity-management, and corporate social responsibility, as well in the communication procedures institutionalized, affected the processes and fi nal results of the program negatively.
In the context of increasing prosecution by victims of domestic violence, this article compares professionals' responses to specific cases in two different institutional settings in São Paulo, women's police stations and hospital emergency services. The article focuses on the first encounter of victims with policewomen and health care popular legal advocates. We take "interpretive relativism" (Geertz 1983) as a fundamental framework for comparing, ethnographically, two contrasting cognitive methods for adjudicating truth to the events narrated by the victims: the skeletonization of facts, typical of police officials, and the schematization of social action, typical of human rights practitioners. We conclude that while policewomen are ambivalent regarding women's capacity to decide for themselves how to use the legal resources offered to them, popular legal advocates, in contrast, seek to empower women by improving their capacity to make well-informed decisions.No contexto de judicialização crescente por parte das vítimas de violência doméstica, este artigo compara as respostas dadas por profissionais a casos específicos em dois contextos institucionais diferentes, delegacias de defesa da mulher e serviços de emergência hospitalar, ambos situados em São Paulo. O artigo tem como foco o primeiro encontro das vítimas com policiais e promotoras legais populares. Toma-se o "relativismo interpretativo" (Geertz 1983) como abordagem teórica fundamental para comparar, etnograficamente, dois métodos cognitivos diferentes de estabelecer a verdade aos eventos narrados pelas vítimas: a simplificação dos fatos, típica da prática policial, e a esquematização da ação social, típica dos defensores dos direitos humanos. Concluímos que, se bem, as policiais são ambivalentes a respeito da capacidade das vítimas de decidir por si mesmas como utilizar os recursos legais a elas oferecidos; as promotoras legais populares buscam empoderar as vítimas melhorando a capacidade delas para tomar decisões bem informadas.Police stations and hospital emergency units are the places to which people turn in situations of extreme vulnerability. However, making use of these services may have different implications. From the victim's point of view, it entails recognizing the legitimacy of one or both institutions for conflict resolution, once other means have been attempted or dismissed as possible immediate responses. From the institution's perspective, offering these services means to give political status to police and health care, once domestic violence has been recognized as a public policy issue requiring special treatment.We discuss the nuances implied in the immediate responses to female victims of violence made by two different kinds of female public officers: policewomen and popular legal advocates (promotoras legais populares or PLPs). We focus our analysis on the performance of these practitioners in two different institutional settings: three women's police stations (delegacias de defesa da mulher or DDMs), one located in downtown São Paul...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.