Objetivou-se avaliar a relação entre os índices reprodutivos (intervalo entre parto e período de serviço) e a produção de leite (produção por lactação, duração da lactação e persistência de lactação) em vacas mestiças de média-baixa e média produção. Foram utilizados dados de um controle leiteiro de 40 vacas mestiças, Holandês- Gir, de diferentes composições genéticas, todas multíparas (4 a 10 o número de lactações), no período de maio de 2015 a maio de 2016. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 constituído de vacas de produção diária menor que 15 litros de leite, e Grupo 2 constituído de vacas com produção diária entre 15 e 20 litros de leite, sendo essa divisão fundamentada no princípio de que vacas de alta produção demoram mais a retornar ao estro e consequentemente pode influenciar na fertilidade. Os indicadores zootécnicos analisados foram: duração da lactação, média de produção diária, produção por lactação, intervalo entre parto (IEP) e período de serviço. Apenas o IEP não diferiu (P>0,05) entre os grupos. A eficiência reprodutiva das vacas de média produção (15 até 20 litros/dia) não foi influenciada pela produção de leite, sendo mais viável ao produtor além de apresentar maior persistência de lactação.
The objective of this study was to compare and explain the variations in the production and nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa grass (Echinocloa pyramidalis Lam.) at different harvest intervals. The treatments corresponded to the cut intervals of 20, 27, 34, 41, 48, 55, 62, and 69 days. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental unit had 6m2 (3m ×2m). The variables studied included forage production, canopy height, and nutritive value o harvested forage. Forage production varied from 11517 to 12324 kg ha-1; Plant heights from 48.8 to 234 cm; Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 68.8% to 71.13%; Acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 36.20% to 44.15%; Crude protein (CP) from 11.43% to 5.85% and in “in vitro” dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) from 63.30% to 47.42%. These values indicated that the nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa was reduced at longer harvest intervals. It is recommended to harvest the grass at 35 days of regrowth favoring productivity, nutritive value and forage digestibility.
The aim of this study was to characterize the production systems and milk quality of eight milk production units (MPU) in the semiarid region of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Individual interviews were conducted through a questionnaire on the characteristics of the properties and production systems. Samples of milk and water were collected for a period of 12 months. Four MPUs were classified as semi-specialized and four as non-specialized. No differences were observed in milk composition between the two production systems, and both showed protein, fat, and solids-not-fat levels. Differences were observed for somatic cell count. The semi-specialized systems showed an average somatic cell and total bacterial count which is above the limit established by the 62nd Normative Instruction. All water samples showed presence of Escherichia coli. Somatic cell count was positively correlated (fat) and negatively (lactose). For total bacterial count, correlations were negative for fat, total solids, and somatic cell count. The microbiological quality of milk is not in accordance with the 62st and 7th Normative Instructions. The specialization of the production systems did not result in improved microbiological aspects of milk.
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