The child population is strongly affected by obesity. Accessible and reliable strategies for the obesity diagnosis are of utmost importance.. The aim of this study was to identify childhood obesity according the WHO (World Health Organization): malnourished, healthy weight, overweight and obese. It was collected measures of height, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Triceps Skinfold Thickness (TSF) of 449 children from Municipal School of Araras/SP, from 7 to 10 years old. It was performed a Spearman correlation test between BMI, WC and TSF variables. Also, was realized cross tabulation between the found results by the different methods, constructing a contingency table 2x2, with absolute frequency of boys and girls classified as “without overweight” and “with overweight”. The concordance between methods was analyzed by kappa index. In the results, 28.3% of children presented overweight according to BMI, with higher prevalence in boys. Generally, the found results through TSF showed strong correlation with both BMI and WC (rs=0.7994 e rs=0.7519, respectively). The same was observed when data was analyzed separately by sex. When crossed the TSF data with BMI and WC, the kappa index demonstrated a satisfactory concordance (0.4419 e 0.5161, respectively). The TSF can be suggested a method to body composition assessment and cardiometabolic risk in children.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and involvement of the synovial membrane, causing joint damage and deformities. No effective drug treatment is available, and physical exercise has been utilized to alleviate the inflammatory processes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different exercise training protocols on Zymosan-induced RA inflammatory markers in the right knee of Wistar rats. The rodents were subjected to aerobic, resisted, and combined physical training protocols with variations in the total training volume (50% or 100% of resistance and aerobic training volume) for 8 weeks. All physical training protocols reduced cachexia and systemic inflammatory processes. The histological results showed an increase in the inflammatory influx to the synovial tissue of the right knee in all physical training protocols. The rats that underwent combined physical training with reduced volume had a lower inflammatory influx compared to the other experimental groups. A reduction in the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes and an increase in anti-inflammatory gene expression were also observed. The physical training protocol associated with volume reduction attenuated systemic and synovial inflammation of the right knee, reducing the impact of Zymosan-induced RA in rats.
Gluten intolerance is associated with several disorders in the body. Although research has grown in recent years, the understanding of its impact on different tissues and the effects of physical exercise in mitigating health problems in the condition of gluten intolerance are still limited. Therefore, our objective was to test whether gliadin would affect metabolism and inflammation in liver tissue and whether aerobic physical exercise would mitigate the negative impacts of gliadin administration in rodents. Wistar rats were divided into exercised gliadin, gliadin, and control groups. Gliadin was administered by gavage from birth to 60 days of age. The rats in the exercised gliadin group performed an aerobic running exercise training protocol for 15 days. At the end of the experiments, physiological, histological, and molecular analyzes were performed in the study. Compared to the control group, the gliadin group had impaired weight gain and increased gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and inflammatory biomarkers in the liver. On the other hand, compared to the gliadin group, animals in the exercise‐gliadin group had a recovery in body weight, improved insulin sensitivity, and a reduction in some gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and inflammatory biomarkers in the liver. In conclusion, our results revealed that the administration of gliadin from birth impaired weight gain and induced an increase in hepatic inflammatory cytokines, which was associated with an impairment of glycemic homeostasis in the liver, all of which were attenuated by adding aerobic exercise training in the gliadin group.
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