Short-term physical exercise controls age-related hyperinsulinemia and improves hepatic metabolism in aged rodents

Muñoz, Vitor Rosetto; Gaspar, Rafael Calais; Mc, Mancini; Lima, Robson Damasceno de; Vieira, Renan Fudoli Lins; Crisol, Barbara Moreira; Antunes, Gabriel Calheiros; Trombeta, Joice C. S.; Bonfante, Ivan Luiz Padilha; Simabuco, Fernando Moreira; Silva, A S R da; Cavaglieri, Cláudia Regina; Ropelle, Eduardo Rochete; Cintra, Dennys Esper; Pauli, José Rodrigo

doi:10.1007/s40618-022-01947-8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Second, despite numerous animal studies suggesting the benefits of nutrition and exercise, some research has challenged the universal applicability of these interventions. Both exercise and dietary restriction have arisen from preclinical studies to present protection against aging in animals, [357][358][359] while it is plausible that individuals who have already optimized their nutrition and exercise habits may not derive significant benefits from further interventions. Subsequently, the same management for aging result in distinct outcomes due to gender differences, even in human investigations.…”

Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic landscape in cardiac aging: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications

Xie

Deng

et al. 2023

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Cardiac aging is evident by a reduction in function which subsequently contributes to heart failure. The metabolic microenvironment has been identified as a hallmark of malignancy, but recent studies have shed light on its role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Various metabolic pathways in cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes determine cellular senescence in the aging heart. Metabolic alteration is a common process throughout cardiac degeneration. Importantly, the involvement of cellular senescence in cardiac injuries, including heart failure and myocardial ischemia and infarction, has been reported. However, metabolic complexity among human aging hearts hinders the development of strategies that targets metabolic susceptibility. Advances over the past decade have linked cellular senescence and function with their metabolic reprogramming pathway in cardiac aging, including autophagy, oxidative stress, epigenetic modifications, chronic inflammation, and myocyte systolic phenotype regulation. In addition, metabolic status is involved in crucial aspects of myocardial biology, from fibrosis to hypertrophy and chronic inflammation. However, further elucidation of the metabolism involvement in cardiac degeneration is still needed. Thus, deciphering the mechanisms underlying how metabolic reprogramming impacts cardiac aging is thought to contribute to the novel interventions to protect or even restore cardiac function in aging hearts. Here, we summarize emerging concepts about metabolic landscapes of cardiac aging, with specific focuses on why metabolic profile alters during cardiac degeneration and how we could utilize the current knowledge to improve the management of cardiac aging.

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Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic landscape in cardiac aging: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications

Xie

Deng

et al. 2023

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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“…Second, exercise responses are similar across species including rat, mouse, and Drosophila (Muñoz et al, 2023; Watanabe and Riddle, 2019), for which multiple exercise associated somatic transcriptome datasets are also available in the databases (Sayers et al, 2022), allowing comparison between humans and animal models. Given that exercise induced paternal inheritance, as also maternal, is known in rodents (Kusuyama et al, 2020; Vieira de Sousa Neto et al, 2021), the hypothesis has been tested here, using the aforesaid multi-omics data, that exercise induced DNA methylation changes in human sperm specifically represent conserved transcriptional response to exercise in soma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, studies employing a pre-post design, that minimizes inter-individual variability (Wang et al ., 2005; Gallego-Paüls et al ., 2021), for identifying human exercise associated sperm DNA methylation changes (Ingerslev et al ., 2018) as well as somatic coding and non-coding transcriptomic alterations have been described, with a multitude of the latter available in PubMed and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases (Sayers et al ., 2022). Second, exercise responses are similar across species including rat, mouse, and Drosophila (Muñoz et al ., 2023; Watanabe and Riddle, 2019), for which multiple exercise associated somatic transcriptome datasets are also available in the databases (Sayers et al ., 2022), allowing comparison between humans and animal models. Given that exercise induced paternal inheritance, as also maternal, is known in rodents (Kusuyama et al ., 2020; Vieira de Sousa Neto et al ., 2021), the hypothesis has been tested here, using the aforesaid multi-omics data, that exercise induced DNA methylation changes in human sperm specifically represent conserved transcriptional response to exercise in soma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics data analysis supporting inheritance of acquired traits in humans

Sharma

2023

Preprint

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Emerging evidence increasingly supports germline mediated non-DNA sequence-based inheritance of environmentally induced traits in animals including mammalian models. Epidemiological and ancestral exposure studies also suggest possible presence of epigenetic inheritance in humans. Notably, cross-species conservation of phenotypic responses in non-genetic inheritance has recently been shown in transcriptomic analysis of Drosophila and rodent models. Here, an unbiased analysis of available human and animal model multi-omics data is presented that supports inheritance of induced traits in humans. First, in an analysis feasibility survey, physical exercise was identified as the lone environmental factor that is known to affect conserved physiological pathways and to induce inheritance in animal models, and at the same time, the effects of which on human cohort sperm DNA methylome, and human cohort, rat, mouse and Drosophila coding and/or non-coding somatic transcriptome have also been multiply described. The hypothesis was thus tested that exercise induced human sperm DNA methylation changes can specifically explain exercise induced human and animal model somatic transcriptome changes. For controlling the analysis, bariatric surgery, identified as the lone environmental factor for which human cohort sperm DNA methylome and somatic transcriptome datasets are multiply available, was used. Remarkably, the hypothesis was supported in all pre-specified tests, involving gene set overlap, gene ontology enrichment, promotor methylation and gene regulation directionalities, and coding and non-coding transcriptome interactions. The results presented support germline encoding of acquired traits in humans, thus suggesting existence of epigenetic inheritance in our species.

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“…However, most experiments are conducted on young animals [11][12][13][14]. Few studies have addressed the issue in aged mice [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Treadmill Running at Different Light Cycles in Mice with Metabolic Disorders

Zakharova,

Milovanova,

Orlova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of cases of diabetes and is considered one of the most important problems of our time. Despite a significant number of studies on glucose metabolism, the molecular mechanisms of its regulation in health and disease remain insufficiently studied. That is why non-drug treatment of metabolic disorders is of great relevance, including physical activity. Metabolic changes under the influence of physical activity are very complex and are still difficult to understand. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the effect of physical exercise on metabolic changes in mice with diabetes mellitus. We studied the effect of forced treadmill running on body weight and metabolic parameters in mice with metabolic disorders. We developed a high-fat-diet-induced diabetic model of metabolic disorders. We exposed mice to forced treadmill running for 4 weeks. We determined glucose and insulin levels in the blood plasma biochemically and analyzed Glut-4 and citrate synthase in M. gastrocnemius muscle tissue using Western blotting. The research results show that daily treadmill running has different effects on different age groups of mice with metabolic disorders. In young-age animals, forced running has a more pronounced effect on body weight. At week 12, young obese mice had a 17% decrease in body weight. Body weight did not change in old mice. Moreover, at weeks 14 and 16, the decrease in body weight was more significant in the young mice (by 17%) compared to the old mice (by 6%) (p < 0.05). In older animals, it influences the rate of glucose uptake. At 60 min, the blood glucose in the exercised older mice decreased to 14.46 mmol/L, while the glucose concentration in the non-exercised group remained at 17 mmol/L. By 120 min, in mice subjected to exercise, the blood glucose approached the initial value (6.92 mmol/L) and amounted to 8.35 mmol/L. In the non-exercised group, this difference was 45%. The effects of physical activity depend on the time of day. The greater effect is observed when performing shift training or exercise during the time when animals are passive (light phase). In young mice, light phase training had a significant effect on increasing the content of Glut-4 in muscle tissue (84.3 ± 11.3%, p < 0.05 with control group—59.3 ± 7.8%). In aged mice, shift training caused an increase in the level of Glut-4 in muscle tissue (71.3 ± 4.1%, p < 0.05 with control group—56.4 ± 10,9%). In the group of aged mice, a lower CS level was noticed in all groups in comparison with young mice. It should also be noted that we observed that CS increased during exercise in the group of young mice, especially during light phase training. The CS content in the light phase subgroup (135.8 ± 7.0%) was higher than in the dark phase subgroup (113.3 ± 7.7%) (p = 0.0006). The CS decreased in aged chow-fed mice and increased in the high-fat-fed group. The CS content in the chow diet group (58.2 ± 5.0%) was 38% lower than in the HFD group (94.9 ± 8.8%).

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Short-term physical exercise controls age-related hyperinsulinemia and improves hepatic metabolism in aged rodents

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Metabolic landscape in cardiac aging: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications

Metabolic landscape in cardiac aging: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications

Multi-omics data analysis supporting inheritance of acquired traits in humans

Effects of Treadmill Running at Different Light Cycles in Mice with Metabolic Disorders

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