The research aimed to know the kind of legume cover crop which more suitable to be cultivated especially in area of Natar, South Lampung and to know the efficiency of N supply. It used a single Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisted of 4 treatments (several kinds of debris), covering: kacang benguk (Mucuna cochinchinensis), kacang ruji (Pueraria javanica), and oilpalm empty bunch compared to one which no debris added (control). Data analyzed by regression, F test (α 5%; or Kruskal-Wallis), DMR test (α 5%; or Mood Median) and correlation test. Result showed that Pueraria javanica (kacang ruji) was more suitable to be cultivated. Regression showed that management of empty bunch tend to enhance the ratio of NH 4 + /N-mineral as indicator of N supply efficiency, while the management of Pueraria javanica tend to decrease the ratio of NH 4 + /N-mineral. The degradation of soil NO 3 -concentration in the treatment of empty bunch was followed by the degradation of soil nitrification potential and the enhancement of heterotrofic bacteria. The enhancement of soil nitrification potential in the Pueraria javanica and Mucuna cochinchinensis management was followed by the degradation of soil pH.
Abstract. The long-term cultivation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plant in the Sindoro mountainous zone of Central Java has resulted in soil quality degradation that could affect economic development in the region if sustainable production practices are not identified. The objective of the study was to identify appropriate indicators for assessing soil quality on tobacco plant. The quantitative soil quality indicators were total organic-C, pH, available P and available K (chemical), soil depth, bulk density, AWC (available water capacity) and soil aggregate stability (physical), and qCO 2 (soil respiration), MBC (microbial biomass carbon) (biological). The decreases in the soil aggregate stability, available water capacity, cation exchange capacity, soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon and total organic-C; or increases in bulk density (compaction), available P, available K and total nitrogen indicated the decrease in soil quality due to long-term tobacco production. The result of this research showed that the change of soil quality had occurred in Sindoro Mountain. The Soil Quality Index (SQI) for three land use systems in Sindoro mountain (forest, mixed farm, and tobacco) were 0.60, 0.47, and 0.57, respectively. The comparison of these rates with soil quality classes showed that the soil quality presented moderate to good level of quality; class SQI.
An uncontrolled utilization of land resources for biomass production can cause deterioration to the soil, so that the impact on the function and quality of soil. Soil deterioration for biomass production can be caused by the nature of the soil, or the result of human activities that cause soil disturbed or deterioration so that it can reduce the function of the soil as a medium for biomass production as normal. This research was conducted using a survey method, with observations and soil sampling, that was based on the results of a thematic map overlay scoring has been done before. This study aims to map out the conditions and status of the soils for the production of biomass in the eastern part of the Natuna Districtss based on the Government Regulation No. 150 of 2000 [1]. The mapping is used as a guideline in the surveillance and control of land degradation in eastern part of Natuna Districts. Some soil characteristics and limiting factor is contributing in the scoring that makes this land placed in the broken state, among others: soil texture, redox value, bulk density, and the soil permeability. The results showed that there are two classes of land degradation in the study area, namely minor damage and moderate damage. Areas with the minor soil deterioration were located on East Bunguran, Central Bunguran, and parts of the Northeast Bunguran. And the moderate soil deterioration was in the north part of the Northeast Bunguran and South Bunguran.
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