In the COVID-19 scenario, patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) infected with SARS-CoV-2 may have an increased risk of death. Through a national multicenter study, we aimed to describe the impact of COVID-19 on the survival of HSCT recipients in Brazil. Eighty-six patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (92% by RT-PCR) were included. There were 24 children and 62 adults receiving an autologous (n = 25) and allogeneic (n = 61) HSCT for malignant (n = 72) and non-malignant (n = 14) disorders. Twenty-six patients died, (10 on autologous (38%) and 16 patients (62%) on allogeneic group). The estimated overall survival (OS) at day 40 was 69%. Adults had decreased OS compared to children (66% vs 79%, p = 0.03). The severity of symptoms at the time of diagnosis, ECOG score, laboratory tests (C-reactive protein, urea values) were higher in patients who died (p < 0.05). In conclusion, HSCT recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have a high mortality rate mainly in adults and patients with critical initial COVID-19 presentation. These findings show the fragility of HSCT recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, the importance of adherence to preventive measures is evident, in addition to prioritizing the vaccination of family members and the HSCT team.

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Understanding the HSCT scenario in Brazil is challenging due to the lack of a national registry that allows the analysis of results. The partnership between the Brazilian Cellular Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society (SBTMO) and the Center for International Blood and Marrow Research (CIBMTR) allowed the return of Brazilian data registered in the CIBMTR, through the Data Back to Center (DBtC), in a standardized and organized way. With this database it was possible to know the demographic data and the outcomes of transplants performed in Brazil. The spreadsheet was imported into the Power BI desktop, and functions and charts were created. Between 2008 and 2019, 7,264 transplants were reported to the CIBMTR from 24 Brazilian transplant centers. The partnership between SBTMO and CIBMTR, made the Brazilian registry possible and allowed the development of the first Brazilian Summary slides. Despite the difference in the number of cases and of follow-up time, the results in this study were similar to those presented in the US Summary Slides.

Although oral human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) affects approximately 75% of the general population, recurrent infections are more often encountered in immunocompromised patients. Such infections become a serious concern, especially following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), as the lesions are more extensive, aggressive, slow-healing, and painful in comparison with those in healthy indi-to be effective and safe in the management of recurrent herpes labialis in patients with chronic GVHD; however, more studies are necessary.

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This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in May 2020, targeting adult individuals of both sexes who are members of multiprofessional teams working in Brazilian HSCT units in the current period of the pandemic by completing and analyzing a questionnaire. pre-formulated. HSCT units that cannot access the questionnaire were excluded from the study. The analysis of the operation profile of HSCT units in Brazil, through the application of a pre-structured questionnaire, is not an accurate tool, since it assumes some premises that may prove to be wrong, especially in this current scenario in Brazil. However, the data reveal the vulnerability of patients with onco-hematological diseases to infection by COVID-19, especially during HSCT procedures, in relation to the general population. Despite its limitations, it can be valuable to plan policies.

The first HSCT program in Latin America started in 1979 at the Federal University Hospital (Curitiba, Paraná). Over the years, the number of centers performing transplants in the country increased, generating the need to know the results of this modality of treatment. Understanding the HSCT scenario in Brazil is still challenging since not all Brazilian centers report data to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Research (CIBMTR). Although it has been improving over the last years, infrastructure and trained data managers are still lacking. The partnership between the Brazilian Cellular Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society (SBTMO) and the CIBMTR, allowed the return of Brazilian data registered in the CIBMTR, through the Data Back to Center (DBtC), in a standardized and organized way. With this database it was possible to know the demographic data and the outcomes of transplants performed in Brazil. Between 2012 and 2021, complete information of 7,982 transplants were reported to the CIBMTR from 31 Brazilian transplant centers. The consolidation of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Brazilian Registry (HSCTBR) using CIBMTR infrastructure, allowed the Brazilian Summary slides development and update. Despite the difference in the number of cases and of follow-up time, the results in this study were similar to those presented in the US Summary Slides.