The continuum emission of an X L flare on 26 March, 1970 observed close to the solar limb (N 05 E 64) was analyzed by a photometric determination of the contrast AI(2)/Io(2 ) in the wavelength range 3558-5920 A.. Two possible mechanisms for the emission were investigated, namely hydrogen Paschen and H continua. We show the unlikeness of the Paschen possibility and derive strong constraints on the temperature structure and energy deposition mechanism imposed by the H-continuum process.We conclude that the emission must have originated in deep atmospheric layers. The relevance of this result with respect to flare energy release and transport processes is also discussed.
We have analysed MgH A2/-]---X2Z(0.0), (1.1), (2.2), (0.1) and (1.2) absorption bands in a sunspot spectrum. By two different methods, which are almost independent of the estimated value of the correction for stray light, we have determined the solar isotopic ratios of magnesium. These ratios are equal to the terrestrial ones -24Mg: ~SMg: 26Mg : 80:10:10.
Consensus' big bang theory is frequently associated with a reductive view of the universe as emerging from an infinitely dense, infinitesimally small singularity or even nothing (ex nihilo). But wouldn't nothing mean no potential, energy, temperature, information, or random quantum fields to bang out when the 'right values' of 'unstable nothing' arose? Let us instead consider a coherent alternative, in which the universe emerged within an infinite eternal unified field that cannot be 'banged out of.' It can be called a singularity in the sense that it is the singular totality, and 'nothingness' in that it transcends all 'things'-but not literally nothing. This paper summarizes progress in cosmological models toward a holistic account in which the entire universe phenomenally emerges within infinite eternal 'space-time.' The shift from reductionism to holism has immense implications for the origin and structure of nature-as well as our phenomenal relation to it as conscious beings with real minds and free will-consistent with ancient Vedic cosmology.
In classical physics, all change in nature is believed to take place in an unbroken chain of cause and effect. In quantum physics, change is believed to be irreducibly probabilistic, and perhaps even fundamentally random. Neither classical determinism nor orthodox quantum indeterminism is consistent with causally efficacious minds. If either is correct, we humans are robots with no free will. For a way out of this meaninglessness, recent progress toward a subtler nonlocal causal wave model of real mind is overviewed. The model is in the direction of Sankhya ontology and Yoga epistemology in the ancient holistic Vedic account, which we will see is rich enough for rational explanation and empirical validation of free will.
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