A microoptical double beam system for reflectance and absorption measurements from small samples (less than 100 μm size) in the spectral range of 0.5–5 eV is described. In conjunction with a diamond anvil high-pressure cell the system is particularly useful for optical reflectivity measurements at pressures up to 400 kbar. Examples are furnished illustrating the use of the system in high-pressure investigations of the stage two graphite intercalation compound C24SbCl5 and of solid oxygen. We briefly comment on Raman spectroscopy at high pressure.
To use an old phrase, it would certainly be carrying coals to Newcastle to recite in detail before this group the various tests employed in examining the deaf patient. However, a discussion of the newer developments in tuning forks and sounding rods may not be amiss when appended to a brief review of the fundamental facts and methods usually employed. The purpose of these tests of hearing is to determine the presence of impaired hearing and the degree thereof, and second, to decide on the location of the hearing defect, that is, whether it is in the perception or in the conduction apparatus. For the purpose of such testing, a number of methods and appliances are used, such as the voice, acoumeter, watch, Koenig rods, tuning forks, resonators, whistles, monochords, audiometers and sounding rods. The observation of the patient is important, for much may be learned regarding the state of the person's hearing even before the tests are begun. For
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