Preexisting physician attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs prevent emergency physicians from addressing PC needs for AD patients.

Metformin exposure in diabetic patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer may be associated with improved progression-free survival, but no effect was seen on overall survival. Further studies are warranted to evaluate if there is a therapeutic role for metformin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

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In patients undergoing lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection for non-small cell lung cancer, the number of ribs resected is directly associated with incidence of postoperative respiratory complications.

Background Accurate staging at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis is fundamental to risk stratification and management counseling. Digital rectal exam (DRE) is foundational in clinical staging of prostate cancer, even with a known limited interexaminer agreement and poor sensitivity for detecting extraprostatic disease. We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of DRE for the presence of advanced pathologic features (APFs) following radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods All patients undergoing RP as primary treatment for clinically localized prostate cancer in the National Cancer Database between 2008 and 2014 were identified. Patients with additional malignancies, prior treatment with radiation or systemic therapy, incongruent clinical staging and DRE findings or without fully evaluable clinical staging were excluded. The primary outcome was the presence of postsurgical APFs, defined as positive surgical margins, nodal disease, or pathologic stage T3 or greater. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to account for prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), biopsy grade group, percent of positive biopsy cores, and clinical stage. Results In total, 91,525 patients consisting of 69,182 cT1, 20,641 cT2, and 1702 cT3–T4 were included. The average age was 61.1 ± 7.0 years, and the average PSA was 8.6 ± 10.3 ng/ml. On multivariable analysis, cT3 and T4 were associated with the presence of APFs (odds ratio [OR] 11.12, p < .01 and 5.28, p = .04), however, cT2 was only slightly associated with the presence of APFs when compared with cT1 (OR 1.15, p < .01). Furthermore, cT2 was associated with more node‐positive disease (OR 1.63, p < .01), positive margins (OR 1.06, p < .01), and more than or equal to pT3 disease (OR 1.22, p < .01). Conclusions Overall, advanced clinical stage as assessed by DRE was independently associated with an increasing risk of APFs. For individual APFs, the greatest effect is noticed between clinical stage and nodal positivity and less so between clinical stage and positive margins. DRE continues to hold value, particularly for patients with locally advanced disease and potential lymph node disease.

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Abstract. Aim: Although tumor depth of invasion is strongly associated with risk of lymph node metastasis and long-term survival in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, the significance of differential T2 invasion (inner circular layer versus outer longitudinal layer) isEsophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death, with nearly 500,000 people diagnosed worldwide each year (1, 2). Despite ongoing clinical and laboratory efforts, the incidence of esophageal cancer continues to rise, with 5-year survival rates of only 15-25% (1-3). Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains the most common histological subtype, however, adenocarcinoma is becoming increasingly prevalent in North America and some European countries.The optimal treatment strategy for patients with T2 esophageal cancer is controversial (4). Although esophageal ultrasound (EUS) has limited ability to assess depth of muscular invasion (4-7), pathological analysis can readily differentiate between circular and longitudinal muscle layer invasion. However, the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system currently does not account for depth of muscular invasion when risk stratifying patients with esophageal cancer (8). Recently, depth of muscularis propria tumor invasion has been shown to independently prognosticate survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (9). 2195This article is freely accessible online.

Cell phone, Internet, and social media use is common among the surveyed underserved population. Technology preferences to increase PA levels varied, with a considerable number of respondents not preferring the surveyed technology platforms. Creating educational opportunities to increase awareness may maximize the effectiveness of technology-based PA interventions.