Heterogeneous copper catalysis enabled photoinduced C−H arylations under exceedingly mild conditions at room temperature. The versatile hybrid copper catalyst provided step‐economical access to arylated heteroarenes, terpenes and alkaloid natural products with various aryl halides. The hybrid copper catalyst could be reused without significant loss of catalytic efficacy. Detailed studies in terms of TEM, HRTEM and XPS analysis of the hybrid copper catalyst, among others, supported its outstanding stability and reusability.
Two types of iron-containing zeolites, Fe-ZSM5 and Fe-Beta, were tested as catalysts for wet peroxide oxidation of organic groundwater contaminants such as trichloroethene (TCE) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) at nearly neutral pH. Adsorption of TCE is more favorable on the ZSM5 zeolite whereas MTBE is effectively adsorbed on Beta zeolite. Batch experiments showed that the efficiency of utilization of H 2 O 2 for contaminant degradation is more favorable for the catalyst with the higher adsorptive enrichment of the respective contaminant. Laboratory-scale column experiments, including the use of contaminated groundwater, were conducted in order to test the stability of the Fe-zeolites under flow-through conditions.
In situ radio‐frequency heating (ISRFH) combined with soil vapor extraction was demonstrated at a contaminated field site of a former hydrotreatment plant in Zeitz near Leipzig. The project was carried out in several phases including cold soil vapor extraction for comparison. During the test, a soil volume of about 300 m3 was heated to an average temperature of 54 °C. As expected, the extraction rate for hydrocarbons (especially the main contaminant benzene) was markedly enhanced by soil heating. Furthermore, microbial degradation of organic compounds was supported. Although a total amount of approximately 1.4 t of hydrocarbons was removed from the soil, the demonstration project was not aimed at complete remediation of the site. Conditions limiting the extent of cleanup are discussed in detail and conclusions for an efficient application of ISRFH in soil remediation are derived whereas experiences from other sites are also implied.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.