Objectives-To better understand what factors influence the receipt of eye care so that screening and education programs can be designed to promote early detection and treatment. Methods-Twenty focus groups were conducted. Analyses entailed debriefing sessions, coding, and interpreting transcribed data. Results-Attitudes about eyesight and eye exams influence the receipt of preventive eye care. Limited knowledge about certain eye diseases and conditions was reported. Participants stated that their primary care providers did not communicate information with them about eyesight nor did they conduct basic eye screenings. Conclusions-Improving provider-patient interactions and developing public health messages about eye diseases and preventive eye care can facilitate increased use of appropriate eye care services. Keywords health education; health professionals; vision; receipt of care; qualitative research Research indicates that low vision and blindness increase significantly with age in all racial and ethnic groups. 1 The prevalence of these conditions is likely to increase given the aging of the baby boom generation. It is estimated that by 2020 the number of persons aged 40 and older who are blind in the United States will increase approximately 70%, to 1.6 million people. The number of persons with low vision is expected to increase to 3.9 million, bringing the total number of Americans aged 40 and older with visual impairments to 5.5 million. 2 Many Americans are unaware that they have an eye disease that is weakening or impairing their vision. 3-6 Most eye diseases and disorders have no symptoms or early warning signs.

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(< oral history " had yet to be introduced.

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This book examines the politics of the French Revolutionary tradition during the Bourbon Restoration and early July Monarchy. Robert Alexander argues that political change was achieved by legal grassroots organization and persuasion - rather than by the revolutionary tradition of conspiracy and armed insurrection. Moreover, political struggle was not confined to the elite, as common material values linked the electorate to those deprived of the power to vote. Battle between advocates of national and royal sovereignty constituted the principal dynamic of the period, and fostered significant developments in party formation previously unrecognized by historians. To substantiate his claims, the author analyses relations among the Liberal Opposition, ultraroyalists and the state, concluding that although Liberals triumphed in the 1830 Revolution, thereafter they contributed to the destabilization that produced an immobile Orleanist regime. Nevertheless, they had pioneered a model for change which could successfully adapt pursuit of reform to longing for civil order.

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