Penelitian pengaruh kebisingan terhadap aktivitas masyarakat di Terminal Mardika Ambon dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai November tahun 2016. Titik pengamatan dibagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu di Terminal A meliputi dua titik pengamatan dan di Terminal B meliputi satu titik pengamatan. Data kebisingan diambil dengan menggunakan alat pengukur kebisingan (sound level meter) sedangkan data gangguan yang dirasakan masyarakat diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada para pedagang di Terminal Mardika Ambon. Hasil perhitungan rerata kebisingan telah melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas yang dianjurkan untuk daerah perdagangan dan jasa yaitu 77,8 dB (hari Sabtu) ; 73,1 dB (Hari Minggu) dan 76,3dB (Hari Senin). Dari Hasil analisis terdapat perubahan yang signifikan antara kebisingan pada hari Sabtu dan Minggu diperoleh (p 1.65x10-18<0,05), kebisingan antara hari Sabtu dan Senin (p5.2x10-5< 0,05), dan kebisingan antara hari Minggu dan Senin (p 3.56x10-15< 0,05). Hasil Pengumpulan data gangguan tertinggi yang dirasakan masyarakat di Terminal Mardika Ambon adalah gangguan psikologis yaitu 8,6.
Penyulingan minyak kayu putih adalah salah satu industri tradisional masyarakat di Maluku, khususnya pulau Ambon, Buru dan Seram. Kegiatan ini dilakukan lebih dari 8 jam/hari tanpa menggunakan konsep ergonomi, seperti: waktu istirahat, nutrisi, peralatan kerja dan ruang produksi. Faktor lain seperti: paparan panas, asap dan kondisi lingkungan kerja yang tidak ergonomis ikut memberikan beban tambahan. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, perlu dilakukan desain peralatan dan metode kerja guna memperbaiki sikap yang tidak alamiah serta memberikan kesempatan kepada para pekerja melakukan istirahat aktif dan mengubah sistem statis menjadi dinamis. Tujuan penelitian yang ingin dicapai adalah menurunkan keluhan muskuloskeletal, beban kerja serta meningkatkan produktivitas setelah desain peralatan dan metode kerja berbasis ergonomi. Luaran yang ditargetkan adalah peralatan dan metode kerja baru berbasis ergonomi yakni sistem kerja, ruang produksi, ketel penyulingan, tungku, lemari, tempat duduk/tidur, sistem pendingin, perpipaan dan corong asap, serta produktivitas meningkat 15%. Hasil penelitian sementara ini memberikan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1. Pengaruh keluhan musculoskeletal dan kelelahan yang tinggi sebagai kontribusi juga dari aspek lingkungan kerja yang kurang ergonomis memicu pekerja untuk bekerja pada kemampuan belum wajar untuk memberikan hasil yang maksimal; 2. Perbedaan material pipa pendingin (stanless steel, tembaga dan aluminium) untuk proses kondensasi uap minyak kayu putih, dapat berkontribusi pada karakteristik produk dan jumlah produksi; 3. Setelah intervensi ergonomi dalam desain metode dan peralatan kerja maka terjadi penurunan dari target penelitian (10%) sebesar 56,2% untuk tingkat keluhan musculoskeletal, 57,8% untuk keluhan kelelahan dan 19,3% untuk beban kerja, sedangkan untuk produktivitas kerja pengolah minyak kayu putih tradisional naik 24,3% dari target penelitian sebesar 15%.
Smoke and heat become the contributors for increasing temperature and humidity in the production room, and workload of workers, and decreasing work productivity of a smoked fish home industry in Hative Kecil Village, Ambon City, Indonesia. This paper was aimed to redesign a fish smoking device with ergonomic consideration for solving the problem. An ergonomic intervention method applied to redesign the device. Redesign process describe result of ergonomic assessment in to the stages of rational method in order to produce new design. Despite the environmental variable (temperature and humidity), 10 male workers (age 40-50 year) were assessed their characteristics consisting of personal, anthropometric, workload and work productivity data. Final results presented a decreasing temperature (15.03%), humidity (8.06%), and workload of workers (75.89%) while work productivity increased 88.92%. It concluded that the device redesign can improve temperature, humidity, workload of workers and work productivity in the smoked fish home industry.
Female traditional porters work every evening at Badung market from 7 pm to3.30 am. Age interval of the porters is 18 – 40 years. The weight of goods carried by asingle porter is 60 – 100 kilograms plus 1-2 kilograms of the basket’s weight, carriedon the head. The distance of each porting activity is 100 meters. From ergonomicconcept, the burden is excessive and may cause injuries such as damage ofintervertebral discs, pain, excessive fatigue and head and neck muscles disorder. Thesymptoms are more obviously seen in those over 40 years old for most of them are notvery capable of working, even some of them need medical treatment. To overcome thisnon-ergonomic work condition, a work quality improvement was carried out to 11sampled porters, including work position, method, carrying weight and equipmentdesign in order to improve the unnatural work position and to give chance to them tohave an active rest as well as to alter the static work system to be more dynamic.Results of this study were: (1) average of pressure force on L5/S1 before improvementwas 7,967.65 ± 66.78 N and after improvement was 2,983.26 ± 16.63 N; (2) average ofmusculoskeletal complaints before improvement was 61.07 ± 0.72 and afterimprovement was 42.76 ± 1.21; (3) fatigue average before improvement was 77.44 ±3.93 and after improvement was 50.36 ± 2.21; (4) pulse rate average beforeimprovement was 150.61 ± 1.06 pulses/minute and after improvement was 119.51 ±1.39 pulses/minute; and (5) average productivity before improvement was 1.78 x 10-2 ±0.01 x 10-2 and after improvement was 2.24 x 10-2 ± 0.03 x 10-2. The results analysisshowed that improvement of work quality by applying ergonomic approach coulddecrease the pressure force on L5/S1 of 60.94 % (p<0.05), musculoskeletal complaintsof 29.99 % (p<0.05), level of fatigue by 34.97 % (p<0.05) and work load by 42.59 %(p<0.05), as well as could increase the work productivity to 26.04 % (p<0.05).Therefore, it is conclused that the improvement of work quality by applying ergonomicapproach increases performance of traditional porters.
This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of directive leadership, human resource improvement and The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 78 Year 2017 on employee motivation at Kualanamu International Airport Line Maintenance of PT. Batam Teknik. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 72 employees of Kualanamu International Airport Line Maintenance of PT. Batam Teknik. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 22. The sampling technique used is the census method and data testing techniques used in this study include validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis used to test and prove the research hypothesis. The results of the analysis show that directive leadership, increased human resources and The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 78 Year 2017 have a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation simultaneously. This result can be seen from the calculated value of 31,587 with a significance value of 0.000 smaller than the significance limit of 0.050. The influence of directive leadership, increased human resources The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 78 Year 2017 on employee motivation of 56.4% while the remaining 43.6% is explained by other factors outside of this study. Directive leadership, improvement of human resources and The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 78 Year 2017 each partially affects employee motivation. This result can be seen from the calculated value of the directive leadership variable of 2.363with a significance value of 0.021 less than 0.050, and the calculated value of the human resource improvement variable of 2,089with a significance value of 0.040 less than 0.050 and the calculated value of the variable of The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 78 Year 2017 is 2,012with a significance value of 0.048 less than 0.050.
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