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The effect- Previous stttdies with plant mitochondria have -shown many similarities with animal mitochondria regarding substrates which are oxidized as well as the action of respiratory chain inhibitors (4,24,27,31). One exception is the capacity of plant mitochondria to ox.idize extramitochondrial NADH (2, 5,12,22,23,25,26). Animal mitochondria only slowly oxidize or lack the capacity to oxidize externally added NADH (3, 9, 13, 29, 36) unless cytochrome c is added to the reaction mix or the mitochondria are subjected to treatments which facilitate the movement of NADH across the membrane (14,29,30,34). With higher plant mitochondria oxidation of-external NADH is rapid with P/O 1 Supported by Grants from the Atomic Energy Commission (AT/11-1/796) and the Office of Saline Water

Partially swollen corn mitochondria in KCI contract on addition of substrate, whereas in potassium acetate they show an additional swelling linked to respiration. Electron micrographs and gravimetric measurements confirm the volume changes measured by optical density methods. The effects of active swelling in acetate and other anions on respiratory control, volume changes, salt accumulation, and oxidative phosphorylation were determined. Active swelling is due to an inward transport of K+ and acetate accompanied by an osmotic equivalent of water. The transport competes with adenosine triphosphate formation and Ca2+ and

This chapter evaluates the responses of two resource-dependent towns (Gold River and Tumbler Ridge) in rural British Columbia, Canada, to the crises precipitated by the closure of the main local employer. The principal finding is that different geographic imaginations of rural places and their contributions to the provincial economy have limited the options for local renewal. The provincial government is continuing with a five-decades-old policy to support large-scale resource industries through granting use rights to large industrial capital. At the local level, there is a clear commitment to continued resource extraction and export. An increasingly important player in local revitalization debates, local civil society organizations are so diverse as to create an often conflicting landscape that precludes local consensus.

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