Obesity has been defined as the excessive deposition of fats on the body. It presents a very significant risk to humanity, with debilitating consequences for healthcare systems worldwide. It has multiple effects on the body, including grave consequences on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Our project explores the latter. There are multiple studies available in the scientific literature that attempt to explain this phenomenon, all with limited success and conflicting results. This cross-sectional exploration of the topic was done on medical undergraduates to pick up on any correlations between peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and the markers of obesity (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR)). In general, we found that male participants had sizably higher PEFR values than females (r=0.540, p<0.01). Appropriate BMI is mandatory for the physiologic functioning of the human body. This work also statistically demonstrates a negative overall correlation between lung health and various parameters of obesity. Our work suggests a positive correlation between WHR and PEFR (r=0.325, p<0.01), BMI and PEFR (r=0.573, p=0.02), along with weight and PEFR (r=0.464, p<0.01). Maintaining a BMI and WHR in the normal range is essential for optimal physiological functioning and physical well-being.
Background: Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by expulsion of an embryo or foetus. In Pakistan, 54% of the 4.2 million unintentional pregnancies were terminated deliberately. Given the taboo around the subject, abortions are filled with unnecessary risk and fear, legal and physical. Our work intends to shed light on the factors that limit this taboo, exploring the line beyond which abortion is considered acceptable. Aim: To explore the limits of the taboo around abortion; to explore the extent to which certain taboos apply and deduce circumstances that deem abortion an acceptable practice. Methods: A sociological and statistical snow-ball type of semi-quantitative, semi-qualitative study was conducted. The study was carried out on the general adult Pakistani population, with focused groups of medical students, non-medical students, and non-students belonging to different employment status. A questionnaire-based survey was implemented. Several people were interviewed as well. Conclusion: The majority of participants were accepting of abortion in case of severe physical health issues. For questions involving mental health, majority of the population disagreed with abortion as a considerable option. However, the entire population strongly agreed with the fact that awareness regarding abortion is inadequate and there needs further light to be shed on it. Keywords: abortion, taboo, mental health, awareness
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