Mardhiana, Pradana AP, Adiwena M, Santoso D, Wijaya R, Murtilaksono A. 2017. Use of endophytic bacteria from roots of Cyperus rotundus for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita. Biodiversitas 18: 1308-1315. Yield loss due to M. incognita infection in tomato plants cultivation can reach 60%. The problem is able to be solved through the application of endophytic bacteria. In this study, endophytic bacteria from root Cyperus rotundus were isolated using Tryptic Soy Agar media. The bacteria isolates were then tested their safety against plants and mammals. The phenotypic and physiological properties of selected isolates were characterized and tested to know their resistance to antibiotics, and their ability in suppressing the infection rate of M. incognita on tomato. Eighteen bacterial isolates were obtained and 8 of them are categorized as safe bacteria for plants and mammals, which could be used in further tests. A result of the physiological test showed that bacterial isolates were able to produce protease enzyme (87.5%), chitinase enzyme (62.5%), and HCN (37.5%), having urease activity (75%) and could dissolve phosphate (87.5%). Based on the test results, all endophytic bacteria effectively increased tomato growth and suppressed the severity of M. incognita infection with the most stable isolate as a biocontrol agent of M. incognita was CRS16.
High levels of crude fiber contained in tofu waste become a limiting factor for its use as a source of feed. The purpose of this research is to improve the quality of tofu waste as a source of feed through the ensilage process using the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacteria. The design used was the Factorial Complete Random Design with two treatments, i.e. the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration and fermentation time. This research used three Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentrations, i.e. 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %, and six fermentation times, i.e. 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days. Based on the analysis of variance, the treatment of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration and fermentation time and their interaction had an effect on the level of crude fiber and the total silage acid of tofu waste (P<0.01), but did not have an effect on its water level (P>0.05). The greater the dose of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens inoculated on the tofu waste, the smaller the average value of its crude fiber; contrary to the total lactic acid produced. The best treatment was obtained at doses of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens of 15 % fermented for 5 days with an average of crude fiber level of 17.3 % and total acid average of 0.87 %, which means they meet the requirements of SNI (Indonesian National Standard) for the ideal total acid criteria, i.e. 0.5-2.0 %. A decline in the level of silage crude fiber of tofu waste reached 44 % compared to tofu waste raw material. Based on the organoleptic test, the silage resulting from the fermentation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a 15 % dose had the best aroma, color and texture compared to doses of 5 % and 10 %.
Mardhiana, Pradana AP, Adiwena M, Kartina, Santoso D, Wijaya R, Maliki A. 2017. Effects of pruning on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Mercy variety in The acid soil of North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Cell Biol Dev 1: 13-17. In recent years, cucumber production in Tarakan, North Kalimantan only reaches 20 tons ha-1. In fact, cucumber production potential could reach 49 tons ha-1. Several factors that limit the low productivity of cucumbers in Tarakan are acid soil and cultivation techniques which are still limited. This study aimed to determine the effect of pruning on the growth and yield of cucumbers in acid soil in Tarakan. The study was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with the treatment of without pruning (P0), shoot of prunings on the main stem (P1), pruning of whole lateral branches above the third section (P2), and pruning of 2 lateral branches that emerged first above the third section (P4). The results showed that plant height was 16.17% (P1) and 2.26% (P2) lower also 0.13% higher (P3) than the control (P0). The highest number of leaves was found in treatment P1 (16.19%) compared to P0. The best fruit diameter was also found in P1 treatment with 4.93% difference compared to P0. Furthermore, a highly significant and the best result on weight per fruit were also obtained by P1 treatment. The results showed that the fruit weight of P1 treatment (11.39%) was higher than P0. This study provided new information that the pruning treatment of shoots on the main stem of cucumber variety Mercy in acid soil could increase the diameter and weight of cucumber.
Consumer perception on food quality is a key performance indicator for success in food industri development. Many factors influence consumer perception on food quality. The purpose of this study was to identify the attributes of food product and evaluate it’s performance to find out attributes based on consumer perception. This study uses marketing mix 4P namely Product (product), Price (prices), Place (where / location), Promotion (promotion). The respondent in this research was the consumer that bought and consumed soybean milk in Jember. The sampling technique used accidental sampling with a number of sample is 75 people, based on linier time function. The analysis of data used Importance–Performance Analysis. The result of this research showed that taste of product, flavour of product, and expired date of the product, and the price of product were the key atributes of soybean milk quality.
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