Nearly for half a century women's advancement in the workplace has been in a debate. Women's under-represented in higher education institutions and universities across the globe, and especially in the most powerful or influential posts, is well established. Despite gender equality commitments and women's educational attainment, still, they are underrepresented. Regions and countries may vary in term of culture, achievements and development, but barriers for women's representation in academia are surprisingly similar in many regions. It is found that there are several barriers which women might be experiencing in academia ranging from personal, organizational to societal.
The study intends to comprehend the underrepresentation of women on positions of power and academic excellence in academia. The study explained the role of exploitation and harassment, which might hinder, when women were trying to climb to top hierarchical position. The majority of women supervised by male heads, sexual harassment could be used as a glass ceiling to hamper women to reach top hierarchal level. The majority participants were working on lower academic and administrative hierarchy; they were experiencing harassment throughout the hierarchical level. Similarly, they considered that harassment could contribute to the underrepresentation of women at academic excellence and a position of power.
"Effective implementation of harassment Act might be inevitable to acquiring gender equality in higher education institutions and diminishing the influence of patriarchal and conservative mind
set. This study intended to explore implementation of the harassment Act (2010) in universities. Although Government of Pakistan has enforced harassment Act and Higher Education Commission
(HEC) made it mandatory to implement, none of the university in the sample has implemented it.
Various incidence of harassment has been reported by study participants and in certain cases, victims
are asked to resign the jobs as they refuse or fail to comply with the drives of male colleagues and heads. Lack of state and organizational control leads women to be silent and tolerant of harassment
and ultimately, it encourages perpetrator to continue the derogatory behaviour." (author's abstract
Language considers a form of social practice in Critical Discourse Analysis, and it is frequently used in political discourse written, verbal and visual including public speeches. This paper examines the Prime Minister of Canada's press conference speech, held at the House of Commerce on June 8, 2021 (https://www.rev.com/blog, 2021), in the aftermath of a Muslim family's murder in Ontario's London. The Three-Dimensional Model of Fairclough has been used to investigate the implicit/explicit power displayed in PM Justin's speech, as well as the display of power at the textual, discursive, and societal levels, in the context of the speech's two key themes: anti-Muslim hatred and Islamophobia. The study examines speech using a qualitative approach and addresses power within the discourse as well as the power behind the discourse. The findings show how language reflects political leaders' ideologies and how social behaviors can shape and be shaped by speech. The Prime Minister skillfully employed language to convey the ideological divides between Muslim communities and the western communities. After drawing the line of demarcation, he urged world leaders to take steps to resolve their differences to achieve global harmony and peace. This study enables the general public to comprehend Justin Trudeau's position on prevalent intolerance and the ideology of Islamophobia, as well as its effects.
ErratumAfter publication of this article (Yousaf and Schmiede 2017), a spelling error was noticed in the article title, a sentence in the article Abstract and in one of the headings of the body of the article.The article title originally read "Barriers to women's underepresentation in academic excellence and positions of power". This has been corrected to "Barriers to women's representation in academic excellence and positions of power" in this erratum and also in the original article (Yousaf and Schmiede 2017).In the article abstract, the sentence "Regions and countries may vary in term of culture, achievements and development, but barriers for women's underrepresentation in academia are surprisingly similar in many regions" has been corrected in the original article (Yousaf and Schmiede 2017); "underrepresentation" has been replaced with "representation".In addition to this, one of the main headings in the article body was corrected in the original article (Yousaf and Schmiede 2017) from "Barriers of underrepresentation at academic excellence and position of power" to "Barriers to women's representation in academic excellence and positions of power". The original article was corrected for these three errors.
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