The objective of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness implementation of the weather modification technology (WMT) for mitigating peatland fire disasters in Riau Province, Indonesia. The implementation of this WMT in Indonesia has been relatively new and challenging as this cutting-edge technology may increase the precipitation rates and therefore, it may reduce the risk of peat fire hazards in the huge massive areas. The Riau province has experienced serious peatland fire disasters from the period of 2014 to 2016. The evaluation of WMT in this article was focused on four regions within Riau encompassing Indragiri Hilir regency, Meranti Island, Pelalawan, and Siak. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data were used to calculate the precipitation rates. The method applied to evaluating the effectiveness of WMT was the Target Only Method (TOM). This method calculated the precipitation rates during the WMT period, which is compared to the historical precipitation data in a similar period. The total duration of a 3-year WMT implementation was 380 days, and the results were considered successful as an increase of precipitation rate (PCH) = 2.09 > 1.00. Hence, there was an increase in the average of precipitation rate during WMT period of 2014-2016 in Riau.
The length of Riau coastlines, Indonesia were approximately 900 km long. Hence, there has been difficulty in prioritizing managing various locations of the coastline damages based on a systematic approach. The objectives of this paper are to apply the state of art in the identification of 16 major coastlines vulnerability index in Riau, and to prioritizing which coastlines should be managed in terms of 4 main aspects such as; technical aspect, economic, environmental, and strategic one. The methodology applied in this paper utilized the combination of the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) and social economic approaches using a Likert’s scale of 1 (low) to 5 (very high). This study has recommended a priority in managing the coastlines in Riau was as follow; Pambang Pesisir, Bengkalis and Tanah Merah, Meranti Islands. These coastlines were calculated as the very high level of vulnerability indexes of 75.3 and 74.9 respectively. This study also simulated the use of shoreline protection structure by Genesis software utilizing a revetment construction. The results showed that the construction of revetment structure in Pambang pesisir beach may reduce the shore erosion rate from 10 m/14 year to 0 m /14 year.
Quick responses in managing peatfire disasters in Indonesia are one key success in mitigating and controlling the risk of peatfire disasters. The aim of this study was to simulate and identify the optimum numbers and locations of fire brigade posts for improving their response times in mitigating peatfire events in Bengkalis Island, Riau, Indonesia. Network analyses were applied in the case of peatfire events on this island. The results of this study may assist local governments and fire brigade teams in developing a strategy to manage peatfires systematically. Hence, the results may contribute to the body of knowledge as a reference in systematically controlling peatfire disasters elsewhere in the world. This study proposed five steps in the identification of appropriate locations of fire brigade posts and performs two main steps to achieve this objective: (i) evaluating existing fire brigade posts' service coverages; and (ii) developing three scenarios for simulating additions of one, two, and three posts. The results of this study improve fire brigade dispatch time performances as well as expand their service coverage areas from 40.7% to 62.4% within 60 minutes of dispatch time.
Provinsi Riau merupakan salah satu provinsi yang memiliki garis pantai. Pulau Rupat merupakan bagian dari Provinsi Riau yang letaknya berbatasan langsung dengan Selat Melaka. Potensi Pulau Rupat sebagai wilayah pesisir banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai objek pariwisata, pemukiman dan industri. Sebagai pulau terluar di wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI), maka perlu identifikasi dan pemetaan tingkat kerentanan pantai di Pulau Rupat sehingga dapat memberikan rekomendasi wilayah mana di Pulau Rupat yang harus diselamatkan dari kerusakan pantai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu berdasarkan pendekatan Indeks Kerentanan Pantai (IKP) dan Geographical Information System (GIS) untuk menentukan parameter perubahan garis pantai. Sedangkan data penelitan bersumber dari hasil survey lapangan kerusakan pantai di wilayah penelitian serta data citra satelit selama 20 tahun terakhir (2000-2020) untuk melihat besarnya perubahan garis pantai. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, tingkat kerentanan pantai di Pulau Rupat berada dalam kategori rendah hingga sangat tinggi dengan kondisi teknis mengalami abrasi maupun akresi. Penelitian ini juga memberikan hasil bahwa Desa Tanjung Jaya, Tanjung Punak, Teluk Lapin, Kedur, Makeruh, Pergam, Batu Panjang, Tanjung Kapal terjadi pengurangan garis pantai di mana Desa Pergam memiliki pengurangan garis pantai tertinggi yaitu sebesar 3,557 m/tahun.
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