Noninvasive localization of an epileptogenic zone is a fundamental step for presurgical evaluation of epileptic patients. Here, we applied long-term simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)/electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring for focus diagnosis in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Six MTLE patients underwent long-term (8-16 h per day for 4 days) fNIRS/EEG monitoring for the occurrence of spontaneous seizures. Four spontaneous seizures were successfully recorded out of the six patients. To determine oxy-Hb amplitude, the period-average values of oxy-Hb across 20 s from the EEG- or clinically defined epileptic onset were calculated for both hemispheres from the simultaneously recorded fNIRS data. The average oxy-Hb values for the temporal lobe at the earlier EEG- or clinically defined epileptic onsets were greater for the epileptic side than for the contralateral side after EEG activity suppression, spike train, and clinical seizure in all four cases. The true laterality was determined based on the relief of seizures by selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy. Thus, oxy-Hb amplitude could be a reliable measure for determining the epileptic focus side. Long-term simultaneous fNIRS/EEG measurement serves as an effective tool for recording spontaneous seizures. Cerebral hemodynamic measurement by fNIRS would serve as a valuable supplementary noninvasive measurement method for presurgical evaluation of MTLE.

Epilepsy is a disease that attacks the nerves. To detect epilepsy, it is necessary to analyze the results of an EEG test. In this study, we compared the naive bayes, random tree forest and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification algorithms to detect epilepsy. The raw EEG data were pre-processed before doing feature extraction. Then, we have done the training in three algorithms: KNN Classification, naïve bayes classification and random tree forest. The last step was validation of the trained machine learning. Comparing those three classifiers, we calculated accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. The best trained classifier is KNN classifier (accuracy: 92.7%), rather than random tree forest (accuracy: 86.6%) and naïve bayes classifier (accuracy: 55.6%). Seen from precision performance, KNN Classification also gives the best precision (82.5%) rather than Naïve Bayes classification (25.3%) and random tree forest (68.2%). But, for the sensitivity, Naïve Bayes classification is the best with 80.3% sensitivity, compare to KNN 73.2% and random tree forest (42.2%). For specificity, KNN classification gives 96.7% specificity, then random tree forest 95.9% and Naïve bayes 50.4%. The training time of naïve bayes was 0.166030 sec, while training time of random tree forest was 2.4094sec and KNN was the slower in training that was 4.789 sec. Therefore, KNN Classification gives better performance than naïve bayes and random tree forest classification.

We aimed to find the differences in memory capabilities between pornography-addicted and nonaddicted juveniles. We enrolled 30 juveniles (12–16 y) consisting of 15 pornography addiction and 15 nonaddiction subjects. We used Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to measure verbal memory, Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) for visual memory, along with Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B) for attention. We found a significant reduction in the RAVLT A6 result of the addiction group (nonaddiction vs addiction: 13.47 ± 2.00 vs 11.67 ± 2.44, MD = −1.80, p=0.04), but not in ROCFT or attention tests. Analysis in sex subgroups yielded no sex-specific difference. We concluded that pornography addiction may be associated with impaired recent verbal memory in juveniles, regardless of sex and without association to attention.

BACKGROUND:When an action is being observed, it is matched to the observer’s internal representation of the action. The more similar, the more the action is perceived as natural. A factor influencing judgement of naturalness is the kinematic features of a movement. However, these features could be altered due to certain conditions that can modify movement such as Autism Spectrum Disorders. As a result, neurotypical observers may fail to interpret the action due to impaired naturalness.AIM:This work aims to investigate (1) whether neurotypical observers judge the autistic individuals’ movement as less natural, (2) which kinematic factors (jerk, acceleration, velocity and size) contribute to their perception and (3) whether cue reliance correlates with autistic traits.METHODS:Thirty neurotypical participants (20 – 33 years old; 15 males) completed autistic trait screening questionnaires (ADC, TAS-20, AQ). They completed a computer task showing 2D side-to-side arm movements recorded from neurotypical and autistic individuals. Finally, they rated the naturalness of the observed movements, and how certain they were with their answer.RESULTS:There was a significant difference between the participants’ perception of naturalness of the two movement groups. Jerk, acceleration and velocity contributed to shaping the participants’ perception with a jerk as the most significant factor. The correlation between the participants’ autistic trait and both their perception of naturalness as well as of each kinematic cue were not significant.CONCLUSION:Our neurotypical participants perceived the autistic movements as less natural. Their perceptions were influenced mainly by the jerk as well as acceleration and velocity of the autistic movements. Autistic traits in the participants did not correlate to their perception of movement naturalness nor to any of the kinematic factors.

pada bungkus rokok telah dilakukan bertahun-tahun di Indonesia. Akan tetapi, jumlah perokok di Indonesia tidak mengalami penurunan yang menggembirakan. Berbagai studi terkait persepsi perokok terhadap Gambar Peringatan Kesehatan yang didasarkan pada metode wawancara memberikan hasil yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana atensi visual para perokok saat melihat bungkus rokok dan dibandingkan dengan para non perokok dengan menggunakan teknologi human eye tracker. Remaja berusia 18 -20 tahun yang berjumlah 50 orang yang terdiri dari kelompok perokok (N=25 orang) dan non perokok (N=25 orang) ikut serta sebagai partisipan. Gambar bungkus rokok yang memuat Gambar Peringatan Kesehatan diperlihatkan melalui layar monitor diperlihatkan kepada partisipan secara bergantian dengan gambar netral. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perokok dan non perokok memiliki atensi yang sangat berbeda kala melihat bungkus rokok, di mana non perokok akan berfokus pada penyakit akibat merokok sedangkan perokok akan berfokus pada logo rokok.

Neuroticism has recently received increased attention in the psychology field due to the finding of high implications of neuroticism on an individual’s life and broader public health. This study aims to investigate the effect of a brief 6-week breathing-based mindfulness intervention (BMI) on undergraduate neurotic students’ emotion regulation. We acquired data of their psychological states, physiological changes, and electroencephalogram (EEG), before and after BMI, in resting states and tasks. Through behavioral analysis, we found the students’ anxiety and stress levels significantly reduced after BMI, with p-values of 0.013 and 0.027, respectively. Furthermore, a significant difference between students in emotion regulation strategy, that is, suppression, was also shown. The EEG analysis demonstrated significant differences between students before and after MI in resting states and tasks. Fp1 and O2 channels were identified as the most significant channels in evaluating the effect of BMI. The potential of these channels for classifying (single-channel-based) before and after BMI conditions during eyes-opened and eyes-closed baseline trials were displayed by a good performance in terms of accuracy (~77%), sensitivity (76–80%), specificity (73–77%), and area-under-the-curve (AUC) (0.66–0.8) obtained by k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. Mindfulness can thus improve the self-regulation of the emotional state of neurotic students based on the psychometric and electrophysiological analyses conducted in this study.

ABSTRAKBerbagai laporan menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan kasus kanker payudara dari tahun ke tahun pada wanita usia subur. Seiring dengan itu, terdapat pola peningkatan pengidap kanker payudara pada usia remaja. Salah satu langkah untuk mendeteksi secara dini kemungkinan seseorang mengidap kanker payudara adalah dengan melakukan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri. Sayangnya, pengetahuan dan motivasi untuk melakukan SADARI di kalangan wanita remaja masih rendah. Penelitian ini fokus pada komparasi efektivitas media audiovisual dan audio guna meningkatkan pengetahuan dan motivasi untuk melakukan SADARI di kalangan wanita remaja. Jumlah partisipan yang terlibat sebanyak 52 orang dan terbagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakukan yaitu audiovisual dan audio.Data dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Paired t Test untuk membandingkan bagaimana pengaruh media audiovisual dan audio terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dan motivasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh media audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan remaja dalam melakukan SADARI (p-value=0,003), adanya pengaruh media audiovisual terhadap motivasi remaja dalam melakukan SADARI (p-value=0,008), adanya pengaruh media audio terhadap pengetahuan remaja dalam melakukan SADARI (p-value=0,009), dan adanya pengaruh media audio terhadap motivasi remaja dalam melakukan SADARI (p-value=0,036). Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa via media audiovisual atau audio sama-sama mengalami peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan dan motivasi. Namun dilihat dari perbedaan efektivitas di antara keduanya, kami berkesimpulan bahwa upaya edukasi via media audiovisual terbukti lebih efektif dari pada media audio untuk melakukan SADARI.Kata-kata kunci : Media audiovisual, media audio, pengetahuan, motivasi, pemeriksaan payudara sendiri ABSTRACTVarious reports of the development of breast cancer cases from year to year in women of childbearing age. Along with that, there is an increasing pattern of breast cancer in adolescence. One step to prove a person early with breast cancer by doing breast self-examination. Unfortunately, knowledge and motivation to do breast self-examination among adolescent women is suspect still low. Our research urges on audiovisual and audio comparative media to increase knowledge and motivation to make aware among adolescent women. The number of participants who participated was 52 people, which we offered in two treatment groups namely audiovisual and audio.The data collected was then analyzed using the Paired t Test to compare how audiovisual and audio media influence the level of knowledge and motivation. This study uses a quasi-experimental method. The results showed that there was influence audiovisual media on adolescent knowledge in doing breast self-examination (0.003), influence audiovisual media on adolescent motivation in doing breast self-examination (0.008), the effect of audio media related to adolescent knowledge in doing breast self-examination (0.009), and therefore related audio media on adolescent motivation in doing breast self-examination (0.036). The results of the study are known by audiovisual media or audio alike. However, audiovisual media has proven to be more effective than audio media for BSE.Keywords : audiovisual media, audio media, knowledge, motivation, breast self-examination

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