This scientific paper gives the main research data obtained during the solution of the search problem to define optimal parameter values for the thermal circuit of the К-540-23.5 turbine unit that would provide the most efficient operation both for the optimal version of the high pressure cylinder (HPC) as part of the turbine unit and the turbine unit on the whole. The effect of the distribution of heat differences in the stages of the optimal flow part of the high pressure cylinder used by the К-540-23.5 turbine on the integral quality factors of the turbine unit has been assessed. The calculation studies of the thermal circuit of the turbine unit with the optimal flow section of the high-pressure cylinder showed that the temperature of the underheated feed water in the high pressure heater (HPH) arranged near the steam generator has the most critical effect on the power and economical efficiency of the high pressure cylinder and entire turbine unit. The two-criterion Pareto problem for the upgrading of the turbine unit was formulated and solved to define optimal underheating temperature values. Consideration was given to the two variants of the solution of the optimization problem for the feed water underheating temperature in the high pressure heater. Comparison and analysis of the two variants of solution for the two-criterion optimization problem showed the identity of the obtained data and it confirms the correctness of the problem formulation and the algorithms used for its solution.
Освещены основные конструкторские проработки АО «Турбоатом» при создании рабочей лопатки из титанового сплава с длиной активной части 1200 мм для последних ступеней турбин К-1000-60/3000. Отмечено, что комплекс расчетов для рабочих лопаток из титанового сплава для последних ступеней цилиндра низкого давления мощных паровых турбин является актуальной задачей. Проведен трехмерный расчет на прочность указанных лопаток, определено напряженно-деформированное состояние и перемещения при разных значениях собственной частоты лопатки. Выполнен расчет облопаченного диска ступени цилиндра низкого давления. Определены динамические частоты собственных колебаний для различных частот вращения ротора турбины. Указана особенность технологии изготовления, которая предусматривает контрольную сборку на технологическом диске. Рабочие лопатки из титанового сплава производства АО «Турбоатом», рассмотренные в данной работе, успешно эксплуатируются на турбинах типа К-1000-60/3000 Южно-Украинской и Хмельницкой атомных станциях.Ключевые слова: лопатка из титанового сплава, цилиндр низкого давления, напряженно-деформированное состояние, колебание.
The issues of improving the structural-topological formation of the information model of the flow path of a steam turbine with the aim of using it in the problems of optimal design of turbine blocks are considered. A new hierarchical level "Compartment" has been added, which made it possible to link in a single information space the parameters of the frequency converter and the rest of the equipment of the turbine unit and made it possible to set and solve the problems of optimal design of turbine blocks. An improved one-dimensional model of the processes in the frequency converter, which allows simulating the course of processes in the frequency converter of a turbine from compartment to compartment (sub-section modeling of processes in the frequency converter with given steam parameters between the compartments). The improved mathematical model of the processes in the frequency converter is coordinated with the improved information model of the frequency converter and is one of the components of the optimal design subsystem of the “Turboagregat” CAD system. The performed test comparative calculations of the FC of steam turbine cylinders were carried out using algorithms created on the basis of two mathematical models: the original and the improved one. Good agreement was confirmed. Insignificant differences in thermogasdynamic parameters in the cross-sections between the rims of the inverter, obtained according to the original and improved models, are noted. Small deviations in the results are mainly caused by the need to use in the improved model the formulation of the problem with the given steam parameters in front of each compartment and the value of the mass flow rate to the head of each compartment. The fulfillment of the boundary conditions was ensured by a corresponding change in the effective angle of the nozzle grate of the first stage of each compartment.
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