Background: Jugular foramen is one of the foramen at the base of skull lies between the occipital bone and the petrosal portion of the temporal bone. It allows passage of important nervous and vascular elements, such as the glossopharyngeal, vagus accessory nerves, and the internal jugular vein. Glomic tumors, schwannomas, metastatic lesions and infiltrating inflammatory processes are associated with this foramen, which can account for injuries of related structures. Variability in anatomical aspect of jugular foramen has been studied by many workers in different part of the world. Aims & Objective: To study the variability in shape and size of jugular foramen which has clear cut relationship with size of internal jugular vein and presence or absence of prominent superior bulb. The study is also aimed to confirm the description given in most of the text book of Anatomy that mostly right jugular foramen is larger than left (Figure 1). Materials and Methods: Present study has been designed to study on 68 skulls (68×2=136 foramen). Result: In the study Bilateral presence of dome has been found in 57.35% of cases whereas bilateral absence in 4.41% of cases. In 64.7% of case larger right and in 19.1% of cases larger left foramen have been observed. In remaining 16.1% of cases both left and right jugular foramen are almost equal in size. Both unilateral and bilateral complete septation have been observed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10940   Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 95-98

Conversion of waste biomass into porous carbon, with improved energy and power, for use as an electrode for electrochemical double layer capacitors.

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A C‐3 thiocyanation of 2‐aryl‐quinolin‐4‐ones in the presence of eosin‐Y and visible light has been developed. The methodology allows easy access to a variety of 2‐aryl‐3‐thiocyano‐quinolin‐4‐ones in moderate to high yields. Regioselective para‐thiocyanation of anilines has also been achieved under these conditions. The reaction is operationally simple, metal‐free, requires air as the oxidant, and proceeds smoothly at room temperature.

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