A new toxic substance, Teleocidin B, was isolated from the mycellium of a Streptomyces. The chemical structure of this compound was studied using its crystalline hydrogenated derivative (Hydroteleocidin B). As the results of these studies, a new acid anhydride named teleocidic anhydride was isolated by the oxidative degradation and it was postulated as 3,6-dimethyl-6-amyl-1-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride. The partial structure of Hydroteleocidin B was also discussed in this paper.
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