Through collaboration between Japan and Indonesia, a radar observatory was established near Jakarta, Indonesia in November 1992, where we installed a meteor wind radar (MWR) and a boundary layer radar (BLR). Horizontal wind velocity and temperature fluctuations at 75-100km were determined with the MWR with time and height resolution of 1 hour and 4km, respectively. The BLR provided three components of wind velocity every minute in the planetary boundary layer (0.3-5km) with a height resolution of 100m. In addition, by combining an acoustic transmitter, temperature profiles were also obtained with the BLR by means of the RASS (radio acoustic sounding system) technique. Observations with the radars have been continued over 2 years since November 1992.Profiles of horizontal wind velocity, temperature and humidity were measured with radiosondes up to 35km, with a height resolution of 150m, four times a day during November 1992-April 1993 at LAPAN in Bandung. Further, radiosonde sounding has been routinely continued once a day after October 1993.Preliminary data analysis showed some new aspects of the equatorial atmosphere dynamics over Indonesia, such as the structure of the tropical planetary boundary layer and the behavior of atmospheric waves in the middle atmosphere. We report in this paper a description of the radar equipment, the current status of observations and the fundamental characteristics of equatorial atmosphere dynamics during the TOGA/COARE campaign.
IntisariDistribusi temporal dan propagasi hujan selama Intensive Observation Period 2016 (IOP 2016, 18 Januari – 16 Februari 2016) di wilayah Jakarta dan sekitarnya dianalisis berdasarkan rataan longitudinal dan latitudinal data Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator (CAPPI) radar cuaca, pada periode sebelum, saat dan sesudah fase aktif Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa distribusi temporal hujan berkurang secara signifikan pada periode MJO aktif dan sesudah MJO, terutama pada dini hari. Di sisi lain, intensitas hujan semakin meningkat dengan nilai rata-rata di atas 30 mm/jam pada periode setelah MJO. Pada komponen zonal, arah propagasi hujan umumnya dominan dari barat ke timur pada ketiga periode analisis, sedangkan untuk komponen meridional, terdapat variasi yang cukup signifikan pada periode saat dan setelah MJO aktif . Pergerakan hujan dari selatan ke utara pada kedua periode tersebut menunjukkan pengaruh siklus diurnal yang semakin kuat dibandingkan pengaruh monsun, setelah MJO melintasi wilayah barat Benua Maritim Indonesia. AbstractTemporal distribution and propagation of rainfall during Intensive Observation Period 2016 campaign (IOP 2016, January 18 – February 16, 2016) in Jakarta and surrounding area were investigated based on the longitudinal dan latitudinal averages of Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator (CAPPI) dataset of weather radar, during the active Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) phase, as well as, pre-MJO and post-MJO periods. The results show a significant decrease of rainfall temporal distribution during the active MJO and post-MJO periods, particularly in the early morning, meanwhile, the rainfall intensity shows significant increase, with the averages of more than 30 mm/hr during the post-MJO period. On the zonal component, the rainfall mostly has eastward propagation for all period while having more significant variations on the meridional component during the active and post-MJO periods. Northward rainfall propagation during the active and post-MJO periods indicates the strengthen effect of diurnal cycle over monsoon after the MJO passed by the western part of Indonesian Maritime Continent.
IntisariMicro Rain Radar (MRR) merupakan suatu instrumen pengamatan hujan, yang beroperasi secara vertikal. Sementara itu, radar cuaca WR-2100 biasa digunakan untuk membuat suatu profil yang berupa cakupan area. Akan tetapi, dengan pengolahan lebih lanjut, data suatu radar cuaca seperti radar cuaca WR-2100 tersebut juga dapat digunakan untuk menampilkan profil vertikal salah satu parameternya di suatu lokasi tertentu. Penelitian kali ini membandingkan profil vertikal hujan di Dramaga, Bogor berdasarkan nilai rain rate nya yang diperoleh dari MRR yang beroperasi secara langsung di lokasi tersebut dengan profil serupa yang diperoleh dari radar cuaca WR-2100 yang beroperasi di lokasi berbeda, yaitu di Serpong, Tangerang Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedua instrumen tersebut mendeteksi adanya nilai rain rate pada waktu-waktu yang bersamaan, namun dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi oleh radar cuaca WR-2100 untuk lapisan-lapisan yang lebih tinggi, yang terutama diduga karena atenuasi yang lebih besar dan signifikan yang terjadi pada proses pengukuran oleh MRR untuk lapisan-lapisan yang lebih tinggi pada saat kejadian-kejadian hujan sedang. AbstractMicro Rain Radar (MRR) is an instrument to observe precipitation, especially rainfall, that operate vertically. Besides, a weather radar, WR-2100, is an instrument making profile in an area scope. By doing further processing, data of weather radar WR-2100 can be used to show vertical profile of a certain parameter in a certain location. This study compared vertical profile of rain rate at Dramaga, Bogor, based on data of MRR operated in same location with that based on data of weather radar WR-2100 operated in different location, which is Serpong, Tangerang Selatan. Results of the study showed that both instruments detected rain rate values on same times, while the values are higher at higher altitudes for weather radar WR-2100 than for MRR due to higher and more significant attenuation happened in MRR operation at higher altitude in moderate rainfall events.
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