The present study was conducted to find out the incidence of the intestinal parasites and their prevalence among the teachers, students and staffs of University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study revealed that the prevalence of intestinal protozoa and helminth parasites are common among the outdoor patients of University of Dhaka. A total of 350 stool samples was examined in the Pathology department of Medical Center of University of Dhaka from June 2009 to May 2010, four species of intestinal parasites were identified of which two species were protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis) and two species were nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). The overall prevalence of infestation was 23.14% where Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were found as 4.86%, 3.71%, 11.14% and 3.43% respectively. Highest prevalence was recorded in Ascaris lumbricoides (11.14%) and the seasonal pattern showed that highest (30%) prevalence occurred in rainy season and lowest (17.19%) in winter season. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was higher in female (30.56%) than in male (22.29%).

The present investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of arthropoda and helminth parasites in sheep at Azimpur, Dhaka during February, 2012 to January, 2013. A Total of 60 hosts were examined and about 71.67% sheep were found to be infested with arthropod parasites. In sheep two species of arthropod parasites, Linognathus vituli (61.67%) and Damalinia caprae (68.33%) were identified as ecto-parasites. The prevalence of ectoparasites was higher during summer (85%), followed by winter (75%) and rainy (55%). The higher intensity was also recorded in summer (325.17±1.92). Lambs were found more susceptible (85.71%) than adult (80.95%) and young (56%) sheep and higher in female (77.27%) than in male (68.42%). Twelve species of helminth parasites were identified, of them, 3 trematodes, 3 cestodes and 6 nematodes, highest prevalence was shown by Strongyloides sp (71.67%) and lowest by Dictyocaulus sp. (3.33%); found comparatively higher in adults (85.71%) than in young (80%) and 28% in lambs. The male sheeps were more susceptible (81.58%) to helminth infection than female (72.73%). Prevalence of helminthes was found higher in winter (95%) season. The value of co-efficient of correlation between the prevalence and intensity of infestation of ectoparasites and helminth parasites in sheep were 0.95 and 0.978 respectively. In both cases these two variables differed significantly (P<0.01).

A cross sectional study was carried out among school going children of Ganaktuli slum area in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A total of 183 stool samples were collected from children of age between 5 and 16 years of both sexes during May, 2017 to April, 2018. Collected samples were examined using Formal-Ether Concentration technique. 61.20% samples were found positive for intestinal parasites. Eight species of parasites were identified, where Entamoeba histolytica (3.83%), Giardia lamblia (6.01%), Diphyllobothrium latum (3.28%), Paragonimus westermani (3.83%), Ascaris lumbricoides (24.59%), Trichuris trichiura (12.02%), Ancylostoma duodenale (5.46%) and Enterobius vermicularis (2.19%) was recorded. Male children showed higher (63.95%) prevalence than female (58.76%). The highest and lowest prevalence (82.46 and 39.29%) were found among 8 - 10 and 14 - 16 years children, respectively. The highest prevalence of E. histolytica (7.02%), A. lumbricoides (38.60%), T. trichiura (14.04%) and A. duodenale (8.77%) were observed in 8 - 10 years age group; G. lamblia (7.41%), P. westermani (5.56%) and E. vermicularis (3.70%) in 11 - 13 years age group and D. latum (6.90%) was found highest in 14 - 16 years age group. Statistically it was observed that age groups had significant association with parasitic infestation (p < 0.05) but prevalence did not alter significantly according to sexes (p > 0.05). Highest abundance of parasites was recorded for A. lumbricoides. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 67-75, 2019

Gastrointestinal protozoan parasites are important cause of diarrhoeal illness in Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to observe the prevalence of different human gastrointestinal parasites in patients visiting a Hospital in Dhaka. Several classical techniques were employed to diagnose the causal agents which include E. histolytica, G. intestinalis, Cryptosporidium sp. and A. lumbricoides etc. A total of 540 samples from outdoor patients of ICDDR'B Hospital at Dhaka was examined where different protozoan parasites including E. histolytica (1.11%), G. intestinalis (0.37%), and Cryptosporidium sp. (4.44%) were detected. Several diagnostic tools were employed that include ELISA, acid fast staining and trichrome staining techniques. Age and sex-specific susceptibility and seasonal incidence pattern were also assessed.

Abstract:The purpose of the present study was to compare results of saline, iodine, and KOH wet mount preparations executed on each of 1116 stool samples from patients attending ICDDR,B clinical pathology laboratory was compared. Ascaris lumbricoides was most prevalent helminth (3.67%) found in KOH wet mount preparation. The protozoan parasites (9.59%) were more prevalent than helmiths (8.24%) and Giardia sp (4.03%) shows the higher infection found by KOH wet mount preparation. Females are more infected by parasites than males found in observations by all the three methods (saline, iodine and KOH wet mount preparation). It was also observed that the young (1-10 years) were more infected than older age group (above 51). In seasonal variation, parasitic infestation was higher during May (27%) and the prevalence was lower in December (10%). KOH was found to be effective in destroying the faecal debris, faecal mass and other artifacts without affecting many of the parasitic ova, cysts and larvae in the stool smears. KOH for wet mount smear in examining the stool samples for detection of intestinal helminths may be routinely used which is simple, cost-effective and could be afforded in resource poor setting.

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The present study was carried out in Nilphamari district, Filaria Hospital of Nilphamari district and from randomly selected three villages of Nilphamari Sadar and Paurasava, Sayedpur, Domar, Dimla, Joldhaka and Kishoreganj. The objectives of this study were to find out the status of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in Nilphamari district: An endemic area for LF in Bangladesh. The investigation was carried out among the inhabitants of the villages and the outdoor patients of Filaria Hospital in Nilphamari through a formatted questionnaire. The current status of this disease was 4.43% in Nilphamari Sadar and 3.25% in Paurasava, 4.10% in Sayedpur and similarly 4.82% in Domar, 5.86% in Dimla, 3.85% in Joldhaka and 4.70% in Kishoreganj. In Nilphamari district, it was found that male were more susceptible (58.84%) than female (41.16%). 76.22% male patients had hydrocoele and the disease showed its highest prevalence (41.16%) in the age group of 41-60 years.

Investigation on gastrointestinal helminths was conducted on 20 domestic fowl, 20 white leghorn, 20 layer and 20 cock of Dhaka city. Six species of helminth belonging to trematode, cestode and nematode were found to infect the different parts of alimentary canal of domestic fowl. The prevalence of helminths in domestic fowl were as follows: Catatropis verrucosa (25%), Amoebotaenia sphenoides (10%), Hymenolepis cantaniana (35%), Rallietina echinobothrida (55%), Ascardia galli (70%) and Heterakis gallinarum (30%) whereas, in white leghorn the prevalence of Rallietina echinobothrida (20%) and Ascardia galli (35%) were recorded. In layer, higher prevalence of Rallietina echinobothrida (55%) and Ascardia galli (60%) were recorded; in cock the prevalence of specific helminthes were as follows: Hymenolepis cantaniana (10%), Rallietina echinobothrida (40%), Cotugnia digonopora (20%), Ascardia galli (60%) and Heterakis gallinarum (25%). Along with the prevalence and intensity of infestation of different species of parasites, intensity were also recorded. Highest number of parasites were collected from intestine.