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Grinding decreased the susceptibility of zirconia to LTD and increased the flexural strength. PVD silica coating and repeated firing decreased the monoclinic content only in ground specimens during aging.

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Esthetic reconstruction of severe soft and hard tissue deficiencies is the utmost challenge in implant dentistry. To prevent postoperative bone resorption and to control the amount of hard and soft tissue volume, distraction osteogenesis followed by immediate implant placement has been proven to be a promising combined technique. The aim of this report is to introduce a treatment strategy to maintain anterior esthetics and to control hard and soft tissue volume in a case, treated with the combined technique of vertical alveolar distraction and immediate implant placement. An osteotomy was performed by the use of an oscillating saw. Cut alveolar segment was mobilized, and a distractor device was inserted in between the segments. During the activation and consolidation periods of distraction, anterior esthetics was provided with removable acrylic provisional crowns placed on the distractor's rod. In 2 weeks of distraction period, vertically 10 mm of new bony segment was obtained, and 2 weeks after the removal of distractor, maxillary incisors were extracted. Four dental implants were placed according to the immediate placement protocol. In osseointegration period, provisional restorations were fabricated on abutments to form harmonious gingival contours and to maintain maxillary anterior esthetics until the fabrication of final restorations.

This article describes a new method that enables vector control during alveolar distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of a cleft palate patient. The patient presented with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, and the alveolar part of the defect was covered by a mobile buccal flap. The distraction was performed by sliding the surgically released tooth segment with the help of an intraoral distractor over 1.5-mm stainless steel archwires held by metal crowns. This vector-controlled method enabled new bone and attached gingiva formation in harmony with the proper alveolar shape.

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