The condition of the international market which has become a free market raises various challenges in increasing the value of exports for tea producers, especially Indonesian tea producers. In the international market competition, Indonesian tea producers not only face an increasing number of production and export volumes in the international market, but also must be able to consider aspects of consumer orientation. Thus, this will increase the superiority of Indonesian tea in the international market, both competitive advantage and comparative advantage. By using data on the export value of tea commodities 2001-2017 from 6 major tea exporting countries, this paper aims to identify the comparative and competitive advantages of Indonesian tea in the international market. It was analysed by using RCA and ECI. The Indonesian tea trade still has a chance to be increased because of the competitiveness of Indonesian tea especially green tea with the code HS 090210 and HS 090220 has a comparative and competitive advantage.
The behaviour of Indonesian coffee consumers towards organic coffee is an important thing to study. Therefore, organic coffee producers should know about the characteristics of potential customers they can promote organic coffee products to. This study aimed to explore the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a factor influencing organic coffee consumer’s intention in Indonesia. The study was conducted in 2020. The selection of respondents was carried out using a non-probability sampling method, namely accidental sampling. There were 850 respondents selected, but after clearing the data, it was found that 766 respondents were in accordance with the research objectives. Data generated from interviews with consumers would be analysed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of the study were able to prove the positive effect of the TPB variables on organic coffee consumer’s intention.
Palm oil is one of the commodities of plantation products that has an important economic role in Indonesia and is also an export commodity as foreign exchange earner for oil and gas. Palm oil produces the main product Crude Palm Oil (CPO). As main product, CPO continues to experience an increase in export volumes in line with the growing need for CPO in export destination countries, both as food raw material and biodiesel. However, when the implementation of the customs policy was issued in 2009, there was a change in the composition of exports from CPO to palm-derived products, namely RBD palm olein and PFAD. The main markets for Indonesian palm oil products are in Asia and Europe, the four largest countries, including India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, and Italy. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the volume of Indonesian CPO exports in export destination countries. Based on the results of Ordinary Least Square (OLS), the variables that significantly affect Indonesia’s CPO exports in export destination countries are (1) India: export volume lag, (2) Malaysia: soybean oil prices, (3) Netherlands: RCA, and (4) Italy: estimates of sunflower oil, RCA, exchange rates and dummy exit fees.
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