ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mempergunakan metode DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) untuk mengetahui efisiensi teknis (technical efficiency) bank-bank komersial di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengambil data pada tahun 2004-2009 dengan menggunakan pendekatan intermediasi (intermediation approach). Hasil-hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bank-bank komersial di Indonesia telah mengalami peningkatan dalam efisiensi teknis (technical efficiency), rata-rata sebesar 10.5%. Lebih lanjut, hasil studi juga memberikan konfirmasi jika perbankan nasional mengalami ketidakefisienan secara skala (scale inefficiency) yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ketidakefisienan secara teknis murni (pure technical efficiency). Dilihat dari kepemilikannya, bank-bank pemerintah menunjukkan efisiensi yang sempurna selama masa studi dibandingkan dengan bank-bank swasta. Hasil terakhir yang didapat dari regresi Tobit menunjukkan bahwa skala aset dan resiko likuiditas dapat membantu peningkatan efisiensi bank, sedangkan kondisi yang sebaliknya terjadi untuk profitabilitas. ABSTRACTThis paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to investigate the technical efficiency of the Indonesian commercial banks over the period 2004-2009 using intermediation approach. The analysis is conducted based on common frontier of duration of study and ownership of the banks, namely state-owned banks and private banks. Then Tobit regression model is used to examine the influence of internal factors as bank characteristics to efficiency scores. The results of DEA show that Indonesian commercial banks could improve their technical efficiency by 10.5% on average and the scale inefficiency is dominating over pure technical inefficiency. The commercial state-owned banks are showing perfect efficiency during the period of study, and proven to be more efficient compared to the commercial private banks. Finally Tobit regression is revealing that higher asset scale and liquidity risk increase the efficiency of the bank, while the profitability is on the contrary.
central Java are different from other mosques. For example, this mosque was built in a style that resembles a temple. The temple-like style originates from Budi Suroso (Kwee Giok Yong), otherwise known as Mahdi, who is the head of the mosque’s Takmir, who is of Chinese descent. Based on our research, 13 signs represent Chinese culture and philosophy found in the buildings and they are classified into three groups: first, there are four icons containing the mosque’s tera lanterns, the mosque’s poles, the mosque’s roof shapes, and the mosque’s minarets. Second, there are six symbols, namely, red on the body of the mosque’s poles, green on the edges of the pillars and roof in the mosque, gold/yellow color on the mosque calligraphy, and white on the walls and roof of the mosque, unlimited ornaments on the walls of the mosque, and carvings on the windows. Third, there are three indexes which include the square pagoda of the eight mosques, the mosque’s nameplate in four languages, and the writings of Al-Maul Husna on the lanterns at the front of the mosque. Keywords: design the mosque, building, culture, acculturation
This research examines the correlation between the Native-Speaking Foreign Language Teachers' Professional Competencies, Teaching Methods, and Attitude Towards Learning in the Foreign Language Learning Quality in a Cooperation Education Unit or Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama (SPK) in Surabaya. This quantitative research involved 144 students from the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades as the respondents or research participants. The data of this research were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) on SmartPLS 3.0 application. The results show that the Native-Speaking Foreign Language Teachers' Professional Competencies significantly influenced Teaching Methods. Furthermore, Teaching methods significantly influenced the Attitude Towards Learning, while the Attitude Towards Learning significantly influenced Foreign Language Learning Quality. Teaching Methods have also proven to be a mediator in the influence of Attitude Towards Learning (VAF=0,1965 or 19,65%). Based on the research findings, schools and teachers need to emphasize the professional competencies of native-speaking foreign language teachers and teaching methods to improve the quality of foreign language learning.
The Circular Economy concept has been adopted into the development vision and strategy in Indonesia 2045. The implementation of the circular economy concept by the Government of Indonesia began through collaboration with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). An analysis of the economic and social environmental potential that has been carried out with the support of the Danish government determines the application of a circular economy in Indonesia in 5 (five) industrial sectors, namely food and beverage, construction, electronics, textiles and plastics. the study was continued with development stages, such as compiling a National Action Plan and incorporating a circular economy into the upcoming 2025-2029 National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN). Current practices in all five sectors are inefficient and generate large amounts of waste. Mainly the textile sector. Therefore, waste is currently around 2.3 million tonnes and is projected to increase by 70% in 2030. Therefore this research focuses on the textile sector. The most important thing in the movement towards a circular economy is to slow the depletion of scarce natural resources, reduce environmental damage from the extraction and processing of pure materials, and reduce pollution from the processing, use and end-of-life of materials. The main strategy for achieving this is through increasing the efficiency and productivity of resource use and reducing the amount of material wasted. Keywords: Interior Product, Fast Fashion Recycle, Circular Economy.
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