MATERIALS AND METHODSImmunogens and Immunization Schedules. 10-to 12-week old female BALB/cAnN mice were injected with purified myelomaproteins 315 or 460, which were isolated by subjection of the proteins to mild reduction and alkylation (in this work with iodoacetic acid) (2, 3). Proteins 315 and 460 purified in this manner (820w,, = 6.5) have about eight carboxymethyl groups per molecule (150,000 daltons), one on the C-terminal or penultimate cysteine of the light chain and 3-4 on the heavy chain (4). Both purified proteins had intact ligandbinding sites, as shown by specific quenching of their tryptoAbbreviation: TD5o, number of cells required to produce tumors in 50% of control (untreated) animals; Dnp, 2,4-dinitrophenyl.
Gastric infection with Helicobacter induces a lymphocyte-rich mucosal inflammation that contains a minor population of neutrophilic granulocytes. The function of neutrophils in the local immune response to gastric Helicobacter infection remains unknown. To investigate this issue, we conducted experiments in neutrophil-depleted control wild-type (wt) and IL-10−/− mice infected with Helicobacter felis by gastric lavage. Infection of wt mice elicited a mild, focal gastritis and a Helicobacter-specific Th1 immune response. In wt mice Helicobacter colonization of the stomach was persistent and progressively increased during the 29 days of observation. Infection of IL-10−/− mice with H. felis elicited a severe chronic gastritis and a greatly enhanced Helicobacter-specific Th1 immune response, as compared with wt mice. After initial colonization, the IL-0−/− mice completely cleared Helicobacter from the stomach by day 8. The gastric inflammation in wt and IL-10−/− mice contained modest numbers of neutrophils. The intensity of gastric inflammation and the extent of Helicobacter colonization were similar in control and in neutrophil-depleted wt mice. In contrast, neutrophil depletion of Helicobacter-infected IL-10−/− mice decreased the severity of gastritis, modulated the Helicobacter-specific Th1 immune response, and delayed the clearance of bacteria from the stomach. These studies identify a role for neutrophils in the local and systemic immune response to gastric Helicobacter in IL-10−/− mice.
Abstract. We study an intriguing question in frame theory we call Weaving Frames that is partially motivated by preprocessing of Gabor frames. Two frames {ϕ i } i∈I and {ψ i } i∈I for a Hilbert space H are woven if there are constants 0 < A B so that for every subset σ ⊂ I , the family {ϕ i } i∈σ ∪ {ψ i } i∈σ c is a frame for H with frame bounds A,B . Fundamental properties of woven frames are developed and key differences between weaving Riesz bases and weaving frames are considered. In particular, it is shown that a Riesz basis cannot be woven with a redundant frame. We also introduce an apparently weaker form of weaving but show that it is equivalent to weaving. Weaving frames has potential applications in wireless sensor networks that require distributed processing under different frames, as well as preprocessing of signals using Gabor frames.Mathematics subject classification (2010): 42C15.
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