TTVO FIGTJRESThe growth of the body in the living is commonly studied by one of two methods. Tlie first of these is the mass or crosssection method, by which physical measurements for a particular age or interval of development a r e taken, more or iess at random, from numerous members of R given population. The second is the individual, seriatim, or longi-section method, by which developmen tal changes a r e followed through successive measurements of the same subject os'er a considerable period. Each of these methods has its advantages and drawbacks ; but both are necessary for a proper understanding of liumaii growth.Tlie mass method has been used more extensirely than the individual method.
NINE FIGURESThe corpus adiposum buccae or sucking pad is a specialized and sharply circumscribed mass of adipose tissue which lies in the cheek partially wedged between the masseter and buccinator muscles and covered externally by the superficial fascia of the face and the zygomatic muscle. Posteriorly, it iseconnected by a stalk with a much larger fat mass, termed by Forster ('04) the corpus adiposum malae, which is located between the temporal and the pterygoid muscles and which possesses a superficial process extending over the outer surface of the temporal muscle beneath the temporal fascia.2The sucking pad was apparently first mentioned by Heister in 1732, who, thinking it was glandular in character, termed it the glandula molares. Winslow, about twenty years later, again described the structure as a gland and wrote of a series of small 1 This study was carried out with the aid of a grant from the Research Fund of the University of Minnesota.2 The body has received many names. Besides the term applied to it by Heister, under a misconception of its nature, the structure has also been called the boule graisseuse, boule de Bichat, Wangenfettpfropf, Wangenfettpolster, Saugpolster, sucking pad, and sucking cushion. It is not dear that the B. N. A. term, corpus adiposum buccae, which I have employed here, was originally intended for this particular fat mass; in fact, it is more probable that this expression was meant t o indicate the entire mass of which the corpus adiposum malae forms the main body. However, most modern authors have used the B. N. A. term in the narrow sense of the sucking pad proper, and t o avoid further synonymity I have followed their example. Berg ('ll), in his classification of the fat masses of the body, places the corpus adiposum buccae in the category of intermuscular fat masses together with the adipose tissue between the layers of the temporal fascia and the orbital fat. 267
, die Grossen und Gewichtsbestimmung der Foetalorgane, Dissert. München, 1886; Clendinning, J. : Facts and Inferences Relative to the Condition of the Vital Organs and Viscera in General as to Their Nutrition in Certain Chronic Diseases, Medico-Chir. Tr.
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