Some Graphs and Tables Illustrating the Growth of the Human Stomach

Scammon, Richard E.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1919.04110300020002

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…20 Some children in the youngest age group have a gastric size less than one third the size of an adult. 17 Therefore, we hypothesize that the increased gastric retention in the young children may be related more to the ratio of meal size to gastric size than abnormal gastric emptying per se. The fact that 13% of younger children could not tolerate the GES meal and that increasing BSA was negatively associated with delayed gastric emptying in those who could complete the meal supports this speculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastric weight (and presumably size) increases linearly in relationship to age from approximately 3 months of age until adulthood (17). The same linear relationship can be found to anthropometric measures such as BMI with other visceral organs such as the liver through adulthood (18, 19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However in adults, gastric size based on mucosal surface area does not appear to be related to age, weight, or height (20). Some children in the youngest age group have a gastric size less than one third the size of an adult (17). Therefore, we hypothesize that the increased gastric retention in the young children may be related more to the ratio of meal size to gastric size than abnormal gastric emptying per se.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastric emptying scintigraphy results in children are affected by age, anthropometric factors, and study duration

Wong

Shulman

Chumpitazi

2015

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Background A standardized 4-hour adult-based gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) protocol is increasingly being used in children to evaluate for gastroparesis. We sought to determine the effect of age, anthropometrics, and study duration on GES results using this protocol in children. Methods Retrospective review of children who underwent a 4-hour solid-meal GES study at a tertiary care center. GES results and anthropometric data (e.g., weight, stature, body surface area) were systematically captured. Key Results Of 216 children, 188 (87%) were able to complete the study meal. Children unable to complete the meal were younger and smaller. In multivariate analysis, only increasing body surface area (BSA) was identified as being positively associated with ability to complete the meal (odds ratio: 19.7; P<0.001). Of those completing the meal, 48 (26%) had delayed emptying (4-hour retention value >10%). These children were significantly younger and smaller than those with normal emptying. In multivariate analysis of those completing the meal, only increasing BSA (odds ratio: 0.26; P=0.006) was identified as being negatively associated with delayed emptying. There was a progressive increase in the positive predictive value for identification of delayed gastric emptying as the duration of the study increased (0.25, 0.60, and 0.71 at 1, 2, and 3 hr, respectively) using the 4-hr value as a comparator. Conclusions and Inferences Young children have more difficulty completing the GES meal. Childhood gastric retention is affected by age and anthropometric factors, primarily BSA. The standardized 4-hr GES protocol may need to take these factors into account in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastric emptying scintigraphy results in children are affected by age, anthropometric factors, and study duration

Wong

Shulman

Chumpitazi

2015

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…However, these previous studies were conducted on adult populations, not on pediatric patients. The capacity of the stomach in children is much smaller than that in adults [ 8 ]. Thus, even a small volume of inspired gas can be enough to generate a vomiting response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have investigated the effect of GD on POV in pediatric patients. Children can be more susceptible to increased gastric volume during mask ventilation than adults because of anatomic differences [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gastric decompression on postoperative vomiting in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery: a randomized controlled study

Jung

Kim

et al. 2020

Anesth Pain Med

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Background Postoperative vomiting (POV) is one of the most serious complications in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that gastric decompression (GD) could prevent POV caused by gastric distension after mask ventilation. Methods A total of 60 pediatric patients (ASA PS I–II, aged one to 10 years) were randomly allocated to two groups; Group D (n = 30) and Group C (n = 30). Induction of anesthesia was performed with careful face mask ventilation with 100% O 2 (3 L/min) and sevoflurane 3 vol% to limit airway pressure below 20 cmH 2 O. Endotracheal intubation was done after confirming adequate neuromuscular blockade. Then, the patients in Group D received GD, while patients in Group C did not. After the surgery, POV was assessed during the emergence from anesthesia in the operating room and postanesthetic care unit (30 min and 60 min). Results During the emergence, POV was significantly decreased in Group D compared to Group C (Group D 3.3% vs. Group C 30.0%, P = 0.006). The odds ratio analysis showed a lower incidence of POV in Group D (odds ratio = 0.080; 95% confidence limit: 0.009–0.685) during the emergence period. There was no significant difference in the incidence of POV in the postanesthetic care unit (Group D 6.7% vs. Group C 4.3% at 30 min, P = 1.000; 0% in both groups at 60 min). Conclusions GD reduced the incidence of POV in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery during emergence.

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Observations on the Capacity of the Stomach in the First Ten Days of Postnatal Life

Scammon¹

1920

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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In the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life few organs of the body are more affected than the stomach. The change influences many characters of the organ's morphology, and the position, the mass, the finer structure, and particularly the capacity are rapidly modified and adjusted to the new conditions and functions of postnatal life.The changes in gastric capacity in this period of transition have not been studied very intensively. As early as 1856 Guillot1 published some data regarding physiologic gastric capacity in the first few days of extrauterine life and this was followed somewhat later by a more extensive study by Bouchaud.2 Since that time further information on the subject has been published by Hillebrand,3 Kruger,4 Ssnitkin,5 Cammerer,6 Tuley,7 Jaschke,8 Landois9 and others. The figures presented in most of these studies are not extensive, and are usually incidental to more general studies of metabolism in the neonatal period. Much of the early work is no longer of more than historic value because the observations were made under conditions 1. Guillot, N.: De la nourrice et du nourrisson, Union m\l=e' \d., 1852, p. 61.2. Bouchaud: De la mort par inanition et \l=e'\tudes experimentales sur la nutrition chez le nouveau-n\l=e'\,Th\l=e`\se,Paris, 1864.3. Hillebrand, F.: Untersuchungen \l=u"\berMilchzufuhr und \l=u"\berdie Jodkaliumausscheidung des Sa\l=u"\glings,Arch. f. Gyn\l=a"\k.15:453, 1885.4. Kr\l=u"\ger, G.: Ueber die zur N\l=a"\hrungNeugeborener erforderlichen Milchmengen mit R\l=u"\cksichtauf die Gewichtsver\l=a"\nderungender Kinder, Arch.

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Some Graphs and Tables Illustrating the Growth of the Human Stomach

Abstract: , die Grossen und Gewichtsbestimmung der Foetalorgane, Dissert. München, 1886; Clendinning, J. : Facts and Inferences Relative to the Condition of the Vital Organs and Viscera in General as to Their Nutrition in Certain Chronic Diseases, Medico-Chir. Tr.

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Gastric emptying scintigraphy results in children are affected by age, anthropometric factors, and study duration

Gastric emptying scintigraphy results in children are affected by age, anthropometric factors, and study duration

Effect of gastric decompression on postoperative vomiting in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery: a randomized controlled study

Observations on the Capacity of the Stomach in the First Ten Days of Postnatal Life

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