This paper reports on the performance of some Taguchi semiconductor gas sensors for use as residential fire/smoke detectors.The sensors were found to have difficulty detecting fires involving complete combustion and also had a greater than normal propensity to false alarm in other than fire conditions. Both of these problems raise serious questions as to the suitability of the sensors tested as residential fire/smoke detectors.
, a series of full-scale fire tests were conducted to determine whether photoelectric-type smoke detectors could respond to the same types of fires used to assess the performance of ionization-type smoke detectors. The types of fires employed in the tests are the same as those outlined in Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., Standard No. 167. In addition to the UL-167 test fires, fires involving polyurethane (flaming mode) and cotton (smoldering mode) were added to the test series. One detector, utilizing a Taguchi gas sensor (TGS) , was included in the test series for evaluation purposes. The test results indicated that the better photoelectric smoke detectors, i.e., those having little obstruction to slow-moving smoke can, in general, detect the same test fires as the ionization chamber smoke detectors in approximately the same time scale. For the smoldering cotton fire, the photoelectric detectors were significantly faster than the ionization chamber detectors. The TGS fire detector was unable to detect most of the test fires but the standard fires are not that standard or specific and hence present a significant ambiguity.
Richard Bright (1789–1858), pioneer in research on kidney disease, fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Physician-Extraordinary to Queen Victoria, describes his observations while travelling in Eastern Europe in this book, first published in 1818. He had set off to witness the closing stages of the Congress of Vienna in 1814, and having spent the winter observing the various heads of state, courtiers and politicians, he decided to travel further east, to areas little visited or understood by the British. Although full of factual details and statistics, the book also pays attention to subjects such as the importance of agriculture in an area little touched as yet by the Industrial Revolution, and Gypsies, who greatly intrigued Bright. An appendix contains ten pieces covering a variety of topics, including the coronation of Joseph I as King of Hungary in 1687, and a comparative vocabulary of Gypsy words.
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