Results of full-scale fire tests with photoelectric smoke detectors

Bukowski, Richard W.; Bright, Richard

doi:10.6028/nbs.ir.75-700

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Smoke detector's response to actually burning materials was experimentally studied by Bukowski and Bright [9], in which photoelectric detector's response was studied in comparison with the ionization detector. The materials used were shredded paper, polystyrene, gasoline, wood brand, cotton and polyurethane.…”

Section: Figure 1 Fire Detector In a Room Fire Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Calculation Method for Predicting Heat and Smoke Detector's Response

Yamauchi¹,

Mammoto²,

Dohi³

et al. 2005

Fire Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Utilizing a zone model and a ceiling-jet model, a simple calculation method for predicting fire detector's response time is presented. The parameters are the floor area and the ceiling height of the room, the radial distance of the detector from the fire axis, time history of the heat and smoke release rates of the fire, and the response characteristics of the detector. For the heat detector, application of RTI-C model (a modified Response Time Index model) is discussed and a method utilizing two RTI's, one for the sensor element and the other for the detector body, is introduced. The method using two RTI's shows better results than the original RTI-C model, which was derived for predicting the response of sprinkler heads. In addition, a calculation method for predicting the response of rate-of-rise heat detector is presented. For the response of photoelectric smoke detector, a method utilizing a response threshold in the optical smoke concentration and a response threshold in the air velocity is introduced. It is shown that different response thresholds in the smoke concentration are needed for the smoke released from flaming sources and for the smoke released from smoldering sources respectively.

show abstract

Section: Figure 1 Fire Detector In a Room Fire Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Calculation Method for Predicting Heat and Smoke Detector's Response

Yamauchi¹,

Mammoto²,

Dohi³

et al. 2005

Fire Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, two detectors with identical alarm levels in the UL chamber may differ when exposed to other types of smoke in a real fire [5,6] Information from the study may also be applied to the false-alarm problem in the presentday detectors. A British study has shown that for every real fire there were three false alarms due to ambient aerosols including moisture, cooking vapor, cigarette smoke, dust, etc.…”

Section: Million Units In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Physical properties of smokes pertinent to smoke detector technology

Thomas¹,

Mulholland²

1977

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Complete details of the test room, the test materials and conditions of test are fully described in Section 24 of UL Standard No. 217 [4] and in the Bukowski-Bright report [5] and therefore, will not be detailed here.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of fire tests on eight TGS semiconductor gas sensor residential firesmoke detectors

Bright¹

1976

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At the request of the Bureau of Engineering Sciences Consumer Product Safety Commission, twenty-four Taguchi gas sensor (TGS) detectors, representing eight manufacturers were tested to the requirements of Section 22 (base sensitivity tests) and Section 24 (full-scale fire tests) of Underwriters' Laboratories Standard No. 217, "Standard for Single and Multiple Station Smoke Detectors." Two conventional single-station smoke detectors, one an ionization chamber type and the other a photoelectric type, were included in the test series for comparison. Only one of the TGS detectors was able to meet the requirements of Section 22, base sensitivity tests. None of the TGS detectors were able to meet the requirements of Section 24, full-scale fire tests. The two conventional smoke detectors met the requirements of Section 22 and 24.

show abstract

Results of full-scale fire tests with photoelectric smoke detectors

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

A Calculation Method for Predicting Heat and Smoke Detector's Response

A Calculation Method for Predicting Heat and Smoke Detector's Response

Physical properties of smokes pertinent to smoke detector technology

Report of fire tests on eight TGS semiconductor gas sensor residential firesmoke detectors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About