The main task of the Top Tracker detector of the neutrino reactor experiment Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is to reconstruct and extrapolate atmospheric muon tracks down to the central detector. This muon tracker will help to evaluate the contribution of the cosmogenic background to the signal. The Top Tracker is located above JUNO's water Cherenkov Detector and Central Detector, covering about 60% of the surface above them. The JUNO Top Tracker is constituted by the decommissioned OPERA experiment Target Tracker modules. The technology used consists in walls of two planes of plastic scintillator strips, one per transverse direction. Wavelength shifting fibres collect the light signal emitted by the scintillator strips and guide it to both ends where it is read by multianode photomultiplier tubes. Compared to the OPERA Target Tracker, the JUNO Top Tracker uses new electronics able to cope with the high rate produced by the high rock radioactivity compared to the one in Gran Sasso underground laboratory. This paper will present the new electronics and mechanical structure developed for the Top Tracker of JUNO along with its expected performance based on the current detector simulation.
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a neutrino medium baseline experiment under construction in Southern China, expecting to begin data taking in 2023. JUNO is a liquid-scintillator-based detector with an active target mass of 20 kt and aims to detect and study electron antineutrinos from reactors to improve the knowledge in the field of neutrino oscillations. The scintillation light emitted by the interaction of an antineutrino in the detector is detected by a system of 17 612 20-inch Large-PMTs and 25 600 3-inch small-PMTs. The signal from the Large-PMTs is processed by the JUNO Large-PMT readout electronics, which consists of several hardware components and is partly placed underwater. Given the ambitious physics goals of JUNO, the electronic system has to meet specific requirements, and a thorough characterization is required. After describing the readout electronics, tests and results performed with a small-scale integration test facility at Laboratori Nazioni di Legnaro, Italy, are here presented and discussed.
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large neutrino detector currently under construction in China. Thanks to the tight requirements on its optical and radio-purity properties, it will be able to perform leading measurements detecting terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos in a wide energy range from tens of keV to hundreds of MeV. A key requirement for the success of the experiment is an unprecedented 3% energy resolution, guaranteed by its large active mass (20 kton) and the use of more than 20,000 20-inch photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) acquired by high-speed, high-resolution sampling electronics located very close to the PMTs. As the Front-End and Read-Out electronics is expected to continuously run underwater for 30 years, a reliable readout acquisition system capable of handling the timestamped data stream coming from the Large-PMTs and permitting to simultaneously monitor and operate remotely the inaccessible electronics had to be developed. In this contribution, the firmware and hardware implementation of the IPbus based readout protocol will be presented, together with the performances measured on final modules during the mass production of the electronics.
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